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Green space area and type affect bird communities in a South-eastern European city
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127212
Maarten de Groot , Katarina Flajšman , Tomaž Mihelič , Urša Vilhar , Primož Simončič , Andrej Verlič

Urbanization decreases the species richness and results in the homogenization of bird communities. Bird species are important indicator species for biodiversity and reflect the habitat quality of urban forests and other green spaces. In this study we investigated the key drivers that influence bird communities in urban forests and green spaces in the Southeastern European city of Ljubljana, Slovenia. We were interested in how the number of species, species dissimilarity and indicator species are affected by the type of green space (urban forest vs park), area of green space and type of urbanization (urban vs peri-urban areas). We sampled birds twice in 2012 in 39 standardized point counts across Ljubljana. We found that the abundance was influenced by the area of the green space. Species dissimilarity and species turnover are affected by the area and type of green space. Interestingly, the analysis showed that the species composition of peri-urban areas was similar to that of urban areas. Indicator species were found for all environmental variables. On the basis of the results, we suggest the strategy that would increase the diversity of birds and increase the stability of their populations in urban areas. Urban planners should encourage 1) both forests and parks since they harbour different species of birds, 2) larger green spaces since larger areas have species that are more typical of larger areas and 3) a mosaic of a larger number of smaller forest remnants combined with larger forest complex serving as source areas.



中文翻译:

绿地面积和类型影响东南欧城市的鸟类群落

城市化降低了物种丰富度,导致鸟类群落的同质化。鸟类是生物多样性的重要指标物种,反映了城市森林和其他绿地的栖息地质量。在这项研究中,我们调查了影响斯洛文尼亚东南欧城市卢布尔雅那城市森林和绿地鸟类群落的关键驱动因素。我们对物种数量、物种差异和指示物种的数量如何受到绿地类型(城市森林与公园)、绿地面积和城市化类型(城市与城郊地区)的影响感兴趣。2012 年,我们在卢布尔雅那的 39 个标准化点数中对鸟类进行了两次采样。我们发现丰度受到绿地面积的影响。物种差异和物种周转率受绿地面积和类型的影响。有趣的是,分析表明,城市周边地区的物种组成与城市地区相似。为所有环境变量找到了指示物种。根据结果​​,我们提出了增加鸟类多样性和增加城市地区种群稳定性的策略。城市规划者应该鼓励 1) 森林和公园,因为它们栖息着不同种类的鸟类,2) 更大的绿地,因为更大的区域拥有更典型的更大区域的物种,以及 3) 大量较小的森林残余与更大的森林综合体作为源区。分析表明,城市周边地区的物种组成与城市地区相似。为所有环境变量找到了指示物种。根据结果​​,我们提出了增加鸟类多样性和增加城市地区种群稳定性的策略。城市规划者应该鼓励 1) 森林和公园,因为它们栖息着不同种类的鸟类,2) 更大的绿地,因为更大的区域拥有更典型的更大区域的物种,以及 3) 大量较小的森林残余与更大的森林综合体作为源区。分析表明,城市周边地区的物种组成与城市地区相似。为所有环境变量找到了指示物种。根据结果​​,我们提出了增加鸟类多样性和增加城市地区种群稳定性的策略。城市规划者应该鼓励 1) 森林和公园,因为它们栖息着不同种类的鸟类,2) 更大的绿地,因为更大的区域拥有更典型的更大区域的物种,以及 3) 大量较小的森林残余与更大的森林综合体作为源区。我们提出了增加鸟类多样性和增加城市地区种群稳定性的策略。城市规划者应该鼓励 1) 森林和公园,因为它们栖息着不同种类的鸟类,2) 更大的绿地,因为更大的区域拥有更典型的更大区域的物种,以及 3) 大量较小的森林残余与更大的森林综合体作为源区。我们提出了增加鸟类多样性和增加城市地区种群稳定性的策略。城市规划者应该鼓励 1) 森林和公园,因为它们栖息着不同种类的鸟类,2) 更大的绿地,因为更大的区域拥有更典型的更大区域的物种,以及 3) 大量较小的森林残余与更大的森林综合体作为源区。

更新日期:2021-06-13
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