The genus Allium is one of the largest monocotyledon genera having 1000 designated species with commercial and economic significance. Allium cepa L. (onion) and Allium sativum L. (garlic) are the most imperative edible species of this genus which are cultivated and consumed globally. Despite that, not much systematic and focused research has been carried out in these crops due to constraints like biennial nature, high crossability, cross or sexual incompatibilities/limited sexual reproduction, obligate apomict, large genome size, high heterozygosity, etc. To create genetic variability, induced mutagenesis is the optimum and best alternative for Alliums especially for the development of genetically improved and wider adaptive cultivars under changing climatic scenario. Development of new cultivars having tolerance against various biotic and abiotic stresses needs continuous efforts and attention of the breeder. For that, sufficient and wide genetic variation in the germplasm is the driving force for the breeders to select best genotypes. Development of mutants can be an alternative breeding strategy since mutations cause heritable genetic variations, which provide the eventual foundation for the evolution of new cultivars, forms or species. Such variations could be created artificially through various chemicals or physical agents, known as mutagens. Mutation breeding is an efficient and conventional method of crop improvement. With the aid of modern omics and molecular markers, allium breeding could be accelerated to develop desired products under rapidly climate scenario. This is the first comprehensive and detailed review on induced mutagenesis and mutation breeding in alliums.

属葱是一种具有商业和经济意义的1000种指定的最大单子叶植物属之一。Allium cepa L.（洋葱）和Allium sativum L.（大蒜）是该属最重要的食用物种，在全球范围内种植和消费。尽管如此，由于两年生性、高杂交性、交叉或性不相容性/有限的有性繁殖、专性无融合生殖、基因组大小大、杂合性高等限制，对这些作物进行的系统和重点研究并不多。变异性，诱导诱变是葱属的最佳和最佳替代品特别是在不断变化的气候情况下开发遗传改良和更广泛的适应性栽培品种。对各种生物和非生物胁迫具有耐受性的新品种的开发需要育种者的持续努力和关注。为此，种质中充足而广泛的遗传变异是育种者选择最佳基因型的驱动力。突变体的开发可以是一种替代育种策略，因为突变会导致可遗传的遗传变异，这为新品种、形式或物种的进化提供了最终的基础。这种变异可以通过各种化学物质或物理因素（称为诱变剂）人为地产生。突变育种是一种有效且常规的作物改良方法。借助现代组学和分子标记，在快速气候情景下，可以加速葱属育种以开发所需的产品。这是对葱属植物诱导诱变和突变育种的第一次全面而详细的综述。