Abstract

The interest in porous organic materials derived from norbornenes is driven by versatile chemistry of norbornenes, fine-tunable structure of these polymers, high accessible surface area, and large free volume of polynorbornenes for technical applications in adsorption, membrane separation, gas storage, and heterogeneous catalysis. This comprehensive review surveys recent research trends in the development of porous polynorbornenes. A rational design was achieved in metathesis, addition, and CANAL polymers as an extension of the modular strategy using norbornene motifs as building blocks. Tuning the structure of norbornene-containing monomer units allowed obtaining high-free-volume polymers with apparent Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface areas up to 1000 m²/g that made these materials promising for various engineering applications such as membrane gas separation, gas sorbents, CO₂ capture, scaffolds to support catalysts, or reagents for catalysis. The synthesis and porous characteristics of polynorbornenes are presented along with the discussion of correlations between the chemical structure of these materials and their porous structures. Possible important applications of porous polynorbornenes are also emphasized.

摘要

降冰片烯衍生的多孔有机材料的兴趣是由降冰片烯的多功能化学、这些聚合物的可微调结构、高可及表面积和大自由体积的聚降冰片烯在吸附、膜分离、气体储存和非均相技术应用中的应用推动的催化。这篇综合综述调查了多孔聚降冰片烯开发的最新研究趋势。作为使用降冰片烯基序作为构建单元的模块化策略的扩展，在复分解、加成和 CANAL 聚合物中实现了合理的设计。调整含降冰片烯的单体单元的结构可以获得具有高达 1000 m ^{2表观 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 表面积的高自由体积聚合物}/g 这使得这些材料有望用于各种工程应用，例如膜气体分离、气体吸附剂、CO ₂捕获、支撑催化剂的支架或催化试剂。介绍了聚降冰片烯的合成和多孔特性，并讨论了这些材料的化学结构与其多孔结构之间的相关性。还强调了多孔聚降冰片烯可能的重要应用。