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Unrequested Benefits, Damages Assessment, and Information Acquisition
American Law and Economics Review ( IF 0.960 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 , DOI: 10.1093/aler/ahab006
Zhiyong (John) Liu 1 , Ronen Avraham 2 , Yue Qiao 3
Affiliation  

We investigate the interaction between the law’s prohibition of recovery for unrequested benefits (but provision of damages for unrequested harms) imposed on third parties, and parties’ incentives at the ex ante stage to acquire information about the harms or benefits of the activities they consider engaging in. We analyze the impact of these interactions on the efficiency ranking of two prevalent damages regimes: ex ante damages and ex post damages. We show that ex post damages induce information acquisition, thus potentially leading to more efficient decision-making. However, under an ex post regime, the existence of, and the prohibition of recovery for, unrequested benefits distort parties’ incentives to acquire information and engage in the activity. Taking into account the tradeoff between these effects, we show that the relative efficiency of ex ante versus ex post damages depends on the size of potential unrequested benefits, and how the ex ante damages are calculated by courts, specifically, whether they are truncated or not. The larger the potential unrequested benefits, the more likely nontruncated ex ante damages outperform ex post damages. In contrast, ex post damages are always more efficient than truncated ex ante damages.

中文翻译:

未经请求的福利、损害评估和信息获取

我们调查了法律禁止对第三方施加的未请求利益(但为未请求的损害提供损害赔偿)与当事人在事前阶段获取有关他们认为参与的活动的损害或利益的信息的动机之间的相互作用我们分析了这些相互作用对两种普遍损害赔偿制度效率排名的影响:事前损害赔偿和事后损害赔偿。我们表明,事后损害会导致信息获取,从而可能导致更有效的决策。然而,在事后制度下,未经请求的利益的存在和禁止追回会扭曲各方获取信息和参与活动的动机。考虑到这些影响之间的权衡,我们表明,事前损害赔偿与事后损害赔偿的相对效率取决于潜在未请求利益的大小,以及法院如何计算事前损害赔偿,特别是它们是否被截断。潜在的未请求利益越大,未截断的事前损害赔偿就越有可能优于事后损害赔偿。相比之下,事后损害赔偿总是比截断事前损害赔偿更有效。
更新日期:2021-04-07
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