Historically tools and technologies facilitated scientific discoveries. Steroid hormone research is not an exception. Unfortunately, the dramatic advancement of the field faded this research area and flagged it as a solved topic. However, it should have been the opposite. The area should glitter with its strong foundation and attract next-generation scientists. Over the past century, a myriad of new facts on biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, physiology and pathology of the steroid hormones was discovered. Several innovations were made and translated into life-saving treatment strategies such as synthetic steroids, and inhibitors of steroidogenesis and steroid signaling. Steroid molecules exhibit their diverse effects on cell metabolism, salt and water balance, development and function of the reproductive system, pregnancy, and immune-cell function. Despite vigorous research, the molecular basis of the immunomodulatory effect of steroids is still mysterious. The recent excitement on local extra-glandular steroidogenesis in regulating inflammation and immunity is revitalizing the topic with a new perspective. Therefore, here we review the role of steroidogenesis in regulating inflammation and immunity, discuss the unresolved questions, and how this area can bring another golden age of steroid hormone research with the development of new tools and technologies and advancement of the scientific methods.

从历史上看，工具和技术促进了科学发现。类固醇激素研究也不例外。不幸的是，该领域的巨大进步淡化了这一研究领域，并将其标记为已解决的课题。然而，它应该是相反的。该地区应该凭借其坚实的基础而熠熠生辉，并吸引下一代科学家。在过去的一个世纪里，发现了关于类固醇激素的生物化学、分子生物学、细胞生物学、生理学和病理学的无数新事实。一些创新被做出并转化为挽救生命的治疗策略，例如合成类固醇，以及类固醇生成和类固醇信号传导的抑制剂。类固醇分子对细胞代谢、盐和水平衡、生殖系统的发育和功能、怀孕、和免疫细胞功能。尽管进行了积极的研究，但类固醇免疫调节作用的分子基础仍然是个谜。最近对调节炎症和免疫的局部腺外类固醇生成的兴奋正在以新的视角重振该主题。因此，我们在这里回顾了类固醇生成在调节炎症和免疫方面的作用，讨论了尚未解决的问题，以及随着新工具和技术的发展以及科学方法的进步，这一领域将如何带来类固醇激素研究的另一个黄金时代。最近对调节炎症和免疫的局部腺外类固醇生成的兴奋正在以新的视角重振该主题。因此，我们在这里回顾了类固醇生成在调节炎症和免疫方面的作用，讨论了尚未解决的问题，以及随着新工具和新技术的发展以及科学方法的进步，这一领域将如何带来类固醇激素研究的另一个黄金时代。最近对调节炎症和免疫的局部腺外类固醇生成的兴奋正在以新的视角重振该主题。因此，我们在这里回顾了类固醇生成在调节炎症和免疫方面的作用，讨论了尚未解决的问题，以及随着新工具和新技术的发展以及科学方法的进步，这一领域将如何带来类固醇激素研究的另一个黄金时代。