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Territorial disparities in labour productivity, wages and prices in Italy: What does the data show?
European Urban and Regional Studies ( IF 4.842 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 , DOI: 10.1177/09697764211020057
Vittorio Daniele 1
Affiliation  

In Italy, both at the regional and sub-regional levels, labour productivity and average wages are strongly correlated. Overall, in industry and services, the gap (about 30%) in productivity between Southern and Central-Northern regions is almost offset by that in the average wage: unit labour costs are similar. Since, in Italy, in each sector, nominal wages are set through national collective agreements – and therefore are the same throughout the country – regional differences in wage per employee depend solely on the composition of the occupational structures. The small difference in the unit labour cost suggests that also the North–South disparity in labour productivity is largely due to the characteristics of the respective productive structures. Across Italian regions, average wages and price levels are positively correlated. Spatial price differentials mainly depend on the prices of services and housing. In turn, prices influence regional nominal productivity in sectors producing non-tradable goods. The North–South difference in price levels substantially equalises the average real wage in the two areas. Nevertheless, thanks to the lower prices and the equality in nominal wages, in the South employees enjoy a greater purchasing power than their colleagues in the rest of the country with analogous job positions. The Italian case suggests that, at the regional level, labour productivity, average wages and prices are interrelated. The analysis of their mutual relationships is of great importance for regional policies.



中文翻译:

意大利劳动生产率、工资和价格的地域差异:数据显示了什么?

在意大利,无论是在区域还是次区域层面,劳动生产率和平均工资都具有很强的相关性。总体而言,在工业和服务业,南部和中北部地区之间的生产率差距(约30%)几乎被平均工资的差距所抵消:单位劳动力成本相似。由于在意大利,每个部门的名义工资都是通过国家集体协议确定的——因此在全国范围内都是一样的——每个雇员工资的地区差异完全取决于职业结构的构成。单位劳动力成本的微小差异表明,劳动生产率的南北差异也在很大程度上是由于各自生产结构的特点造成的。在意大利各地区,平均工资和物价水平呈正相关。空间价格差异主要取决于服务和住房的价格。反过来,价格会影响非贸易商品生产部门的区域名义生产力。南北价格水平的差异实质上使这两个领域的平均实际工资。尽管如此,由于较低的价格和名义工资的平等,南方雇员比他们在该国其他地区从事类似工作的同事享有更大的购买力。意大利的案例表明,在地区层面,劳动生产率、平均工资和价格是相互关联的。分析它们之间的相互关系对于区域政策非常重要。

更新日期:2021-06-14
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