This study examines the asymmetric link between fiscal decentralization, environmental innovation, and carbon emissions in highly decentralized countries. Our preliminary findings strictly reject the preposition of data normality and highlight that the observed relationship is quantile-dependent, which may disclose misleading results in previous studies using linear methodologies. Therefore, a novel empirical estimation technique popularized as Method of Moments Quantile Regression is employed that simultaneously deal with non-normality and structural changes. The results exhibit that fiscal decentralization significantly mitigates carbon emissions only at lower to medium emissions quantiles. On the other hand, environmental innovation reduces carbon emissions only at medium to higher emissions quantiles. Interestingly, the emissions-reducing effect of fiscal decentralization is highest for lower emissions quantiles and lowest for higher emissions quantiles. In contrast, the impact of environmental innovation is lowest for lower emissions quantiles and highest for higher emission quantiles. Economic growth and population increase carbon emissions, and their emissions-increasing effect are lowest for lower emissions quantiles and highest for higher emissions quantiles. Moreover, the heterogeneous panel causality test confirms a one-way causal association, implying that any policy intervention regarding fiscal decentralization and environmental innovation significantly affects carbon emissions.

本研究考察了高度分权国家的财政分权、环境创新和碳排放之间的不对称联系。我们的初步发现严格拒绝数据正态性的介词，并强调观察到的关系是分位数依赖的，这可能会在以前使用线性方法的研究中披露误导性结果。因此，采用了一种新的经验估计技术，即矩分位数回归方法，它同时处理非正态性和结构性变化。结果表明，财政分权仅在中低排放分位数上显着减少碳排放。另一方面，环境创新仅在中等至较高排放分位数上减少碳排放。有趣的是，财政分权的减排效果对于较低的排放分位数最高，而对于较高的排放分位数最低。相比之下，环境创新对低排放分位数的影响最低，对高排放分位数的影响最高。经济增长和人口增加了碳排放，它们的排放增加效应对于较低的排放分位数最低，对于较高的排放分位数最高。此外，异质面板因果关系检验证实了单向因果关系，这意味着任何关于财政分权和环境创新的政策干预都会显着影响碳排放。环境创新对低排放分位数的影响最低，对高排放分位数的影响最大。经济增长和人口增加了碳排放，它们的排放增加效应对于较低的排放分位数最低，对于较高的排放分位数最高。此外，异质面板因果关系检验证实了单向因果关系，这意味着任何关于财政分权和环境创新的政策干预都会显着影响碳排放。环境创新对低排放分位数的影响最低，对高排放分位数的影响最大。经济增长和人口增加了碳排放，它们的排放增加效应对于较低的排放分位数最低，对于较高的排放分位数最高。此外，异质面板因果关系检验证实了单向因果关系，这意味着任何关于财政分权和环境创新的政策干预都会显着影响碳排放。