In recent decades, phenolic compounds derived from plants have been considered as potential weed inhibitors due to their environmentally friendly properties, which are profitable regarding sustainable development targets. While experiments indicated that phenolic compounds exhibited significant inhibition on weeds via various biological pathways, none of these natural compounds have been efficiently applied in practical agricultural production. This paper provides an overview of the phenolic allelochemicals (and their plant sources) that have been reported to have the most potential for weed growth inhibition as well as their modes of action. The biosynthetic pathway, classification, distribution, release, degradation, extraction, and isolation of these allelochemicals are also discussed. In addition, the advantages and limitations of applying these allelochemicals in weed management and sustainable agricultural development are indicated. Accordingly, there are three promising strategies to deal with the present problems and improve the effectiveness of future studies, including: (a) to discover a new approach combining phenolic allelochemicals and other prospective phytochemicals in the development of natural herbicides; (b) to modify the chemical structure for strengthening the stability and activity of the target compound; and (c) to generate resistant crops against weed stress related to the proliferation of phenolic allelochemicals through genetic engineering approaches. Conceivably, the information on phenolic allelochemicals that is assembled in this paper may provide a useful dataset for future studies on the application of artificial intelligence in the design and production of efficient natural herbicides for weed management and sustainable agricultural development.

中文翻译：

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酚类化感物质：杂草管理的成就、局限性和前瞻性方法

近几十年来，源自植物的酚类化合物因其对环境友好的特性而被认为是潜在的杂草抑制剂，这在可持续发展目标方面是有利可图的。虽然实验表明酚类化合物通过各种生物途径对杂草表现出显着的抑制作用，但这些天然化合物都没有有效地应用于实际农业生产中。本文概述了据报道最有可能抑制杂草生长的酚类化感物质（及其植物来源）及其作用方式。还讨论了这些化感物质的生物合成途径、分类、分布、释放、降解、提取和分离。此外，指出了在杂草管理和可持续农业发展中应用这些化感剂的优点和局限性。因此，存在三种有前景的策略来解决当前的问题并提高未来研究的有效性，包括： (a) 在天然除草剂的开发中发现一种结合酚类化感物质和其他预期植物化学物质的新方法；(b) 改变化学结构以增强目标化合物的稳定性和活性；(c) 通过基因工程方法产生抗杂草胁迫的作物，与酚类化感物质的增殖有关。可以想象，