ABSTRACT This essay examines the ideas, motivations and activities of a handful of black Baptists who played a role in the pan-African movement which straddled the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries, notably Thomas L. Johnson, Theophilus Scholes, Emmanuel Mulgrave, and William Forde. Several revisionist views are suggested. First, that although black professionals initiated and directed pan-African activities, they relied heavily on the moral, practical and financial help provided by white men and women. Second, that this inter-racial endeavour relied on Christian networks of Quakers and other dissenters, including various strands of the Brotherhood Movement in Britain, to oppose lynching in the United States, and in demanding a recognition of black civil rights at home and in the colonies. And third, that black Christians played a significant role in the formation of the African Association in 1897, its child the Pan-African Conference held in London in June 1900, the subsequent short-lived Pan-African Association from 1900–1902, and the few weak attempts to revive and foster pan-African cooperation in Britain until 1913.

中文翻译：

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英国的黑人浸信会和泛非主义，1890-1913

摘要 本文考察了在跨越 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初的泛非运动中发挥作用的少数黑人浸信会教徒的思想、动机和活动，特别是托马斯·L·约翰逊、西奥菲勒斯·斯科尔斯、伊曼纽尔·马尔格雷夫、和威廉福特。提出了几种修正主义的观点。首先，尽管黑人专业人士发起并指导了泛非活动，但他们严重依赖白人男女提供的道义、实际和经济帮助。其次，这种跨种族的努力依赖于贵格会和其他持不同政见者的基督教网络，包括英国兄弟会运动的各个方面，以反对在美国的私刑，并要求承认国内和美国的黑人民权群落。第三，