This study presents data from an in-depth proximate compositional analysis of three marine fish species: blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), boarfish (Capros aper) and Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). These fish contained significant amounts of protein (16–17%), lipids (4–11%) and minerals (2–6% ash). The proteins, particularly from boarfish, had close to optimum amino acid profiles for human and fish nutrition. They compared favourably with other fish species in terms of total lipids and relative concentration of the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (11.8–13.3% and 5.9–8.1% in triacylglycerols [TG] and 24.6–35.4% and 5.8–12.0% in phospholipids [PL]). Atlantic herring had the highest lipid content among the three fish and was found to contain high levels of PL poly-unsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 fatty acids. Minerals detected in the fish included calcium (272–1,520 mg/100 g), phosphorus (363–789 mg/100 g), iron (1.07–2.83 mg/100 g), magnesium (40.70–62.10 mg/100 g), potassium (112.00–267.00 mg/100 g), selenium (0.04–0.06 mg/100 g), sodium (218.00–282.00 mg/100 g) and zinc (1.29–5.57 mg/100 g). Boarfish had the highest ash fraction and also the highest levels of all the minerals, except potassium. Atlantic herring had considerably lower mineral content compared with the other two species and, levels detected were also lower than those reported in previously published studies. Heavy metals contents were quantified, and levels were significantly below the maximum allowable limits for all elements except arsenic, which ranged from 1.34 to 2.44 mg/kg in the three fish species. Data outlined here will be useful for guiding product development. Future studies would benefit from considering catch season, sex and developmental stage of the fish.

中文翻译：

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三种海洋中上层鱼类的近似组成：蓝鳕（Micromesistius poutassou）、野猪（Capros aper）和大西洋鲱（Clupea harengus）

本研究提供了对三种海洋鱼类进行深入近似组成分析的数据：蓝鳕 (Micromesistius poutassou)、野猪 (Capros aper) 和大西洋鲱 (Clupea harengus)。这些鱼含有大量蛋白质（16-17%）、脂质（4-11%）和矿物质（2-6%灰分）。这些蛋白质，尤其是来自野猪的蛋白质，具有接近人类和鱼类营养的最佳氨基酸谱。在总脂质和 omega-3 脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的相对浓度（甘油三酯 [TG] 中分别为 11.8-13.3% 和 5.9-8.1%，以及 24.6-35.4% 和 5.8- 12.0% 的磷脂 [PL])。大西洋鲱鱼的脂肪含量在三种鱼中最高，并且被发现含有高水平的 PL 多不饱和脂肪酸，包括omega-3脂肪酸。在鱼中检测到的矿物质包括钙（272–1,520 毫克/100 克）、磷（363–789 毫克/100 克）、铁（1.07–2.83 毫克/100 克）、镁（40.70–62.10 毫克/100 克）、钾 (112.00–267.00 mg/100 g)、硒 (0.04–0.06 mg/100 g)、钠 (218.00–282.00 mg/100 g) 和锌 (1.29–5.57 mg/100 g)。野猪的灰分含量最高，除钾外的所有矿物质含量也最高。与其他两个物种相比，大西洋鲱鱼的矿物质含量要低得多，而且检测到的含量也低于先前发表的研究报告中的含量。重金属含量被量化，除砷外，其他所有元素的含量均显着低于最大允许限值，三种鱼类的砷含量范围为 1.34 至 2.44 毫克/千克。此处概述的数据将有助于指导产品开发。未来的研究将受益于考虑鱼类的捕捞季节、性别和发育阶段。