ABSTRACT Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is an important medicinal and aromatic herb, used by various pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. For most species, seed-based multiplication is effective and convenient, but for rosemary, seed germination is a problem due to the mucilaginous seed coat, and sometimes the germination is no more than 10–20% resulting in non-uniform crop establishment. This investigation was carried out to improve seed germination by using low-cost organic seed priming techniques. Eleven pre-sowing seed treatments were tested, based on locally available resources, including: soaking seeds in water (cold and hot), bovine urine (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentration), bovine dung slurry, buttermilk, compost tea and Agnihotra ash, and comparing with an untreated control. All the pre-sowing seed treatments increased the percentage of seed germination in rosemary compared with the control, except buttermilk, which had an adverse effect. Among the different treatments, seed germination was significantly increased to 46.7% for seeds treated with bovine dung slurry and to 42.0% for seeds treated with bovine urine5.0%, compared with those in the control where the germination was 9.7%. The bovine dung slurry treatment also recorded uniform and early germination (9 days for initiation and completion at 43 days) resulting in a significantly higher rate of germination (1.4) than the control. The number of leaves, the root length and the seedling vigour were also recorded to be the highest for seeds treated with bovine dung slurry, followed by bovine urine5.0%.

中文翻译：

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有机播前种子处理对迷迭香（Rosmarinus officinalis L.）萌发和生长的影响

摘要 迷迭香 (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) 是一种重要的药用和芳香草本植物，用于各种制药、食品和化妆品行业。对于大多数物种，基于种子的繁殖是有效和方便的，但对于迷迭香，由于种皮粘液，种子发芽是一个问题，有时发芽率不超过 10-20% 导致作物定植不均匀。本研究旨在通过使用低成本有机种子引发技术来提高种子发芽率。根据当地可用资源，测试了 11 种播前种子处理方法，包括：将种子浸泡在水中（冷和热）、牛尿（5%、10%、15% 和 20% 浓度）、牛粪泥、酪乳、堆肥茶和 Agnihotra 灰，并与未经处理的对照进行比较。与对照相比，所有播前种子处理都增加了迷迭香种子发芽的百分比，但脱脂乳除外，后者具有不利影响。在不同处理中，与对照的发芽率为9.7%相比，牛粪浆处理的种子发芽率显着提高至46.7%，牛尿处理的种子发芽率显着提高至42.0% 5.0%。牛粪浆处理还记录了均匀和早期发芽（9 天开始，43 天完成），导致发芽率 (1.4) 显着高于对照。用牛粪浆处理的种子的叶数、根长和幼苗活力也最高，其次是牛尿5.0%。