ABSTRACT In a two-year field experiment undertaken in Central Italy, different agro-ecological service crops (ASCs), terminated by the no-till roller crimper technology before organic melon production (Cucumis melo L.), were evaluated by assessing soil-plant N dynamics, weed management and crop performance, and by comparing with a tilled control without ASC. The ASCs (Poaceae, i.e. rye, barley, wheat, spelt and their mixture), were characterised in terms of aboveground biomass, N uptake, C : N ratio and degradation rate. During the melon growth cycle, soil mineral N (SMN), weed density and biomass were measured and the design of trial included weeded and unweeded plots. The yield and concentrations of soluble solids of the melon was measured. The ASC mulches differed in their N supply capacity and degradation rate. Rye and spelt were the best in terms of weed control, with approximately 80% lower weed density and weed biomass for either rye or spelt compared with the control. Wheat was the least effective against weeds, but it enhanced SMN. Melon yields were similar in plots with spelt and rye, weeded and unweeded treatments, but were reduced in the unweeded control (−58.5%) and barley treatment (−41.2%), compared with the respective weeded treatments. The low melon yield in the plots with rye suggested a negative allelopathic rye-melon interaction. The results highlighted that the ASCs were able to regulate, to different extents, the agro-ecosystem interactions.

中文翻译：

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谷物作为农业生态服务作物和免耕对有机瓜、杂草和氮动态的影响。

摘要在意大利中部进行的为期两年的田间试验中，通过评估土壤-植物，评估了在有机甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）之前通过免耕辊卷曲技术终止的不同农业生态服务作物（ASCs）。 N 动态、杂草管理和作物性能，并与没有 ASC 的耕作控制进行比较。ASC（禾本科，即黑麦、大麦、小麦、斯佩尔特小麦及其混合物）的特征在于地上生物量、N 吸收、C:N 比和降解率。在甜瓜生长周期中，测量了土壤矿物质 N (SMN)、杂草密度和生物量，试验设计包括杂草和未杂草地块。测量甜瓜可溶性固体的产量和浓度。ASC 覆盖物的 N 供应能力和降解率不同。就杂草控制而言，黑麦和斯佩尔特小麦是最好的，与对照相比，黑麦或斯佩尔特小麦的杂草密度和杂草生物量降低了约 80%。小麦对杂草的效果最差，但它增强了 SMN。与各自的杂草处理相比，使用斯佩尔特小麦和黑麦、除草和未除草处理的地块的甜瓜产量相似，但未除草对照 (-58.5%) 和大麦处理 (-41.2%) 的甜瓜产量降低。黑麦地块中甜瓜产量低表明黑麦-甜瓜的化感作用为负。结果强调 ASC 能够在不同程度上调节农业生态系统的相互作用。与各自的杂草处理相比，使用斯佩尔特小麦和黑麦、除草和未除草处理的地块的甜瓜产量相似，但未除草对照 (-58.5%) 和大麦处理 (-41.2%) 的甜瓜产量降低。黑麦地块中甜瓜产量低表明黑麦-甜瓜的化感作用为负。结果强调 ASC 能够在不同程度上调节农业生态系统的相互作用。与各自的杂草处理相比，使用斯佩尔特小麦和黑麦、除草和未除草处理的地块的甜瓜产量相似，但未除草对照 (-58.5%) 和大麦处理 (-41.2%) 的甜瓜产量降低。黑麦地块中甜瓜产量低表明黑麦-甜瓜的化感作用为负。结果强调 ASC 能够在不同程度上调节农业生态系统的相互作用。