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Maintaining genetic variation in breeding populations of Radiata pine in New Zealand
Silvae Genetica ( IF 1 ) Pub Date : 2019-02-01 , DOI: 10.2478/sg-2019-0002
C.J.A Shelbourne 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Advanced generation selection (AS) for the future breeding population (BP), becam a focus of tree breeders‘ thinking in the mid 1970s., particularly with Pinus radiata in New Zealand (NZ). Multitrait selection among families was generally recommended, but this reduced genetic variation in the future breeding population. From Shaw and Hood‘s (1985) stochastic simulation, later confirmed by Rosvall, Lindgren and Mullin‘s (1998) stochastic simulation on Norway spruce, it was realised that selecting within families rather than among families of a new breeding population avoided any reduction of genetic variation in the BP. Heritabilities were low for seedling within-family selection but clonal replication within families should strongly increase heritabilities. Gains from cloned versus seedling populations of equal numbers of plants were also deterministically simulated (Shelbourne et al. 2007), and balanced (within-family) selection gains from the cloned populations were all higher than seedling equivalents at heritabilities of 0.5 and under. The late P.A. Jefferson‘s (2016) Breeding Management Plan (which will be soon superceded) contains a re description of New Zealand (NZ) radiata pine breeding. Selections were made in crosses from the earlier program and OP see and scion material were collected from all 360 selections. OP family tests of selections have been planted at 11 sites in NZ and 7 in New South Wales and Tasmania, and scions of their female parents have all been grafted at an archive. Crosses made in the archive are being cloned and the programme was committed to within-family selection to retain genetic variance for the future closed breeding population. Clonally-replicated testing paired with within-family selection is the solution for balancing long-term gain and diversity in BP and PP.

中文翻译:

维持新西兰辐射松育种种群的遗传变异

摘要 未来育种种群 (BP) 的高级世代选择 (AS) 在 1970 年代中期成为树木育种者思考的焦点,尤其是新西兰 (NZ) 的辐射松。通常建议在家庭之间进行多性状选择,但这减少了未来育种群体中的遗传变异。从 Shaw 和 Hood (1985) 的随机模拟,后来被 Rosvall、Lindgren 和 Mullin (1998) 对挪威云杉的随机模拟证实,人们意识到在新育种种群的家庭内而不是在家庭之间进行选择避免了遗传变异的任何减少英国石油公司。家庭内选择幼苗的遗传力较低,但家庭内的克隆复制应该会大大增加遗传力。还确定性地模拟了相同数量植物的克隆种群与幼苗种群的增益(Shelbourne 等人,2007 年),并且克隆种群的平衡(家族内)选择增益都高于遗传力为 0.5 及以下的幼苗等价物。已故的 PA Jefferson (2016) 育种管理计划(即将被取代)包含对新西兰 (NZ) 辐射松育种的重新描述。选择是从早期程序中杂交进行的,并且从所有 360 个选择中收集了 OP 看和接穗材料。在新西兰的 11 个地点和新南威尔士州和塔斯马尼亚州的 7 个地点种植了 OP 家族选种试验,并且它们的母本的后代都已在档案中嫁接。档案中的杂交正在被克隆,该计划致力于家庭内选择,以保留未来封闭育种种群的遗传变异。与家族内选择配对的克隆复制测试是平衡 BP 和 PP 的长期增益和多样性的解决方案。
更新日期:2019-02-01
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