Blattmann’s comment (Blattmann, 2019a) focuses on observations and proposals made in the concluding paragraphs of our “Wider Implications” section (pg. 495) and briefly summarized in the final sentence of the abstract. In our manuscript (Horan and others, 2019), these interpretations follow on from our measurements of rhenium in river waters and sediments across the Mackenzie Basin, alongside complementary geochemical data, which quantify the ongoing rates of rock-derived (‘petrogenic’) organic carbon oxidation. We combine our findings with two decades of published research to attempt a net geochemical carbon budget during weathering and erosion for this large river basin (fig. 5 in Horan and others, 2019). Having done this, on page 495 we point out that the “extent to which the net CO2 balance during weathering and erosion may change over time in large river basins is not well known.” To consider this further, we highlight two recent papers that use river chemistry to assess rock organic carbon weathering rates and sulfuric acid weathering of carbonates in mountain regions hosting varying expanses of glaciation (Torres and others, 2017; Horan and others, 2017), and suggest that fluxes may have been higher during periods of more extensive glaciation. Importantly, silicate weathering and organic carbon erosion and burial rates may also change, but we note a lack of constraint and indeed issue a call that “it is now essential to consider how the inorganic and organic geochemical carbon cycles act in tandem in large river basins to dampen warming and cooling trends at Earth’s surface by moderating atmospheric CO2 concentrations”. Blattmann’s comment (Blattmann, 2019a) questions how CO2 fluxes arising from rock organic carbon oxidation might be altered at time of peak glacial conditions or periods of deglaciation. (Or indeed glacial inception, and/or cycles of glacial advance). We would like to reassert the importance of considering the timescales over which these fluxes are relevant, given the magnitude of global CO2 emissions from rock organic carbon weathering (which themselves are uncertain) of 40 to 100 MtC yr 1 (Petsch, 2014). We presently do not have enough data to assess the magnitude of imbalances in net geochemical carbon budgets during weathering and erosion, but they may be in the order of MtC yr . If so, the impact of rock organic carbon weathering on the combined atmosphere-ocean-biosphere carbon reservoirs would play out over 10 to 10 year timescales (Berner, 1999), rather than “within glacial-interglacial cycles” as suggested by Blattmann (2019a) and Blattmann (2019b). We would like to reassert that it is also

中文翻译：

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回复 Thomas M. Blattmann 关于“岩石有机碳氧化产生的二氧化碳排放和 Mackenzie 河流域的下一个地球化学碳收支”的评论，第 319 卷，n。6，第。473-499。

Blattmann 的评论 (Blattmann, 2019a) 侧重于我们“更广泛的影响”部分（第 495 页）的结论段落中提出的观察和建议，并在摘要的最后一句话中进行了简要总结。在我们的手稿（Horan 等人，2019 年）中，这些解释是根据我们对麦肯齐盆地河水和沉积物中铼的测量以及补充地球化学数据进行的，这些数据量化了岩石衍生（“成岩”）有机物的持续速率碳氧化。我们将我们的发现与 20 年已发表的研究相结合，试图在这个大型河流流域的风化和侵蚀过程中进行净地球化学碳收支（图 5，霍兰等人，2019 年）。做完这些，在第 495 页上，我们指出“大型河流流域风化和侵蚀过程中二氧化碳净平衡可能随时间变化的程度尚不清楚。” 为了进一步考虑这一点，我们重点介绍了最近的两篇论文，这些论文使用河流化学来评估具有不同冰川作用的山区的岩石有机碳风化率和硫酸风化率（Torres 等人，2017 年；Horan 等人，2017 年），以及表明在更广泛的冰川时期，通量可能更高。重要的是，硅酸盐风化和有机碳侵蚀和埋藏率也可能发生变化，但我们注意到缺乏约束，并确实发出呼吁“现在必须考虑无机和有机地球化学碳循环如何在大型河流流域中协同作用，以通过调节大气 CO2 浓度来抑制地球表面的变暖和变冷趋势” . Blattmann 的评论 (Blattmann, 2019a) 质疑岩石有机碳氧化产生的 CO2 通量如何在冰川高峰期或冰川消退期发生改变。（或者确实是冰川开始和/或冰川推进的循环）。我们想重申考虑这些通量相关的时间尺度的重要性，因为岩石有机碳风化产生的全球 CO2 排放量（本身不确定）为 40 到 100 MtC yr 1（Petsch，2014 年）。我们目前没有足够的数据来评估风化和侵蚀期间净地球化学碳预算的不平衡程度，但它们可能在 MtC yr 的数量级。如果是这样，岩石有机碳风化对大气-海洋-生物圈组合碳库的影响将在 10 到 10 年的时间尺度内发挥作用（Berner，1999），而不是像 Blattmann（2019a）所建议的“在冰川-间冰期循环内” ) 和布拉特曼 (2019b)。我们想重申，这也是 而不是像布拉特曼（2019a）和布拉特曼（2019b）所建议的“在冰期-间冰期循环内”。我们想重申，这也是 而不是像布拉特曼（2019a）和布拉特曼（2019b）所建议的“在冰期-间冰期循环内”。我们想重申，这也是