ABSTRACT Landsat-8 derived Land Surface Temperature (LST) is used to measure Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) patterns and intensity in Worcester, MA, USA. Additionally, near-surface air temperature variability is measured using in-situ sensors to further contextualize the urban-to-rural land-cover driven thermal patterns in the study area. Despite the widespread applicability of thermal data, many SUHI studies do not compare LST with in-situ information. Comparisons between satellite-based and in-situ measurements of land surface temperature (LST) are important for establishing confidence in the utility of remotely sensed information to monitor and help improve the lived experience in cities. The objective of this study is to determine the capability of Landsat-8 Thermal Infrared Scanner (TIRS) to measure fine-scale temperature variation in a moderately sized urban area with a mixture of land-cover types. Ground-Level Temperature (GLT) was measured at 13 sites using iButton® Thermochron® temperature sensors from 13 June 2013 to 28 October 2014. Landsat-derived LST was compared to in-situ GLT using 30 Landsat-8 TIRS images for the commensurate time period. Sites with 1) eastern solar exposure; 2) low tree canopy coverage; and 3) proximity to impervious surfaces have higher annual temperature and greater offset from Landsat-derived LST. Sites with more than 47% tree canopy coverage have a more consistent LST and GLT relationship, (e.g. MAE < 3.74°C), show lower annual variability (e.g. r2 > 0.85), and also experienced low LST variability over the time series (e.g. coefficient of variation 0.007). Results indicate that site characteristics and land-cover type affect the offset between in-situ air temperature measurements and satellite-derived LST.

中文翻译：

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使用原位 Thermochrons 和 Landsat-8 热红外传感器 (TIRS) 数据绘制马萨诸塞州伍斯特城市梯度上城市热岛的时空变异性

摘要 Landsat-8 派生的地表温度 (LST) 用于测量美国马萨诸塞州伍斯特的地表城市热岛 (SUHI) 模式和强度。此外，使用原位传感器测量近地表气温变化，以进一步了解研究区域内由城市到农村的土地覆盖驱动的热模式。尽管热数据具有广泛的适用性，但许多 SUHI 研究并未将 LST 与原位信息进行比较。地表温度 (LST) 卫星测量和原位测量之间的比较对于建立对遥感信息效用的信心非常重要，以监测和帮助改善城市的生活体验。本研究的目的是确定 Landsat-8 热红外扫描仪 (TIRS) 测量具有混合土地覆盖类型的中等规模城市地区的精细温度变化的能力。2013 年 6 月 13 日至 2014 年 10 月 28 日期间，使用 iButton® Thermochron® 温度传感器在 13 个地点测量了地面温度 (GLT)。使用 30 幅 Landsat-8 TIRS 图像在相应的时间内将 Landsat 衍生的 LST 与原位 GLT 进行比较时期。具有 1) 东部阳光照射的站点；2) 树冠覆盖率低；3) 靠近不透水表面有更高的年温度和更大的与 Landsat 衍生的 LST 的偏移。树冠覆盖率超过 47% 的站点具有更一致的 LST 和 GLT 关系（例如 MAE < 3.74°C），显示较低的年度变异性（例如 r2 > 0.85），并且在时间序列中也经历了低 LST 变异性（例如变异系数 0.007）。结果表明，场地特征和土地覆盖类型会影响现场气温测量与卫星衍生的 LST 之间的偏移。