There is growing interest for the installation of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) to improve stormwater control, increase infiltration of stormwater, and improve receiving water body quality. Planning level tools are needed to inform municipal scale decisions on the type and extent of GSI to apply. Here, a modified methodology is developed for the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to create SWMM for Low Impact Technology Evaluation (SWWM-LITE) that enables municipal scale assessment of stormwater control measure (SCM) performance with minimal input data requirements and low processing time. Hydrologic outputs of SWMM-LITE are compared to those for SWMM and the National Stormwater Calculator (SWC) to assess the performance of SWMM-LITE. Three scenarios including the baseline without SCMs and the installation of varying SCMs were investigated. Across the three scenarios, SWMM-LITE estimates of annual average hydrologic performance (runoff, infiltration, and evaporation) were within +/−0.1% of estimates from a rigorously developed SWMM model in the City of Fort Collins, CO, for an evaluation of 30 years of continuous simulation. Analysis conducted for 2 year (y), 10 y, and 100 y storm events showed less than +/−2.5% difference between SWMM and SWMM-LITE hydrologic outputs. SWC provided reasonable estimates of hydrologic parameters for the case study area, but was designed for site level analyses of performance of SCMs rather than on the municipal scale. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the most sensitive parameters were primarily consistent for the SWMM-LITE and the complete SWMM. SWMM-LITE has low input data requirements and processing time and can be applied for assessing the hydrologic performance of SCMs to inform planning level decisions.

中文翻译：

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基于 SWMM 的城市尺度水文评估模拟模型的开发和应用

人们对安装绿色雨水基础设施 (GSI) 以改善雨水控制、增加雨水渗透和改善受纳水体质量越来越感兴趣。需要规划级别的工具来告知市政规模的决定，即要应用的 GSI 的类型和范围。在这里，为 EPA 雨水管理模型 (SWMM) 开发了一种改进的方法，以创建用于低影响技术评估 (SWWM-LITE) 的 SWMM，该方法能够以最少的输入数据要求和低影响对雨水控制措施 (SCM) 性能进行市政规模评估。处理时间。将 SWMM-LITE 的水文输出与 SWMM 和国家雨水计算器 (SWC) 的水文输出进行比较，以评估 SWMM-LITE 的性能。研究了三种场景，包括没有 SCM 的基线和安装不同的 SCM。在三种情景中，SWMM-LITE 对年平均水文性能（径流、入渗和蒸发）的估计与科罗拉多州柯林斯堡市严格开发的 SWMM 模型的估计值相差在 +/-0.1% 以内，用于评估30 年的连续模拟。对 2 年 (y)、10 年和 100 年风暴事件进行的分析显示 SWMM 和 SWMM-LITE 水文输出之间的差异小于 +/-2.5%。SWC 为案例研究区域提供了合理的水文参数估计，但其设计目的是对 SCM 的性能进行现场级分析，而不是在市政范围内。敏感性分析表明，对于 SWMMH-LITE 和完整 SWMMH，最敏感的参数主要是一致的。SWMM-LITE 具有低输入数据要求和处理时间，可用于评估 SCM 的水文性能，为规划级别决策提供信息。