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Halstead Category Test sensitivity to neurocognitive deficits in prenatal alcohol exposed and cognitively impaired children
Child Neuropsychology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-11 , DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2021.1936474
David J Sperbeck 1, 2 , Susan Krauss Whitbourne 3 , Mark Zelig 4 , Rebecca M Shaw 2 , Paul L Craig 1, 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Objective: The Halstead Category Test (HCT) has been demonstrated to be sensitive to executive dysfunction in adults and children. Children with a history of significant prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) typically show deficits in executive functions in such areas as abstract reasoning, concept formation abilities, and cognitive flexibility. However, earlier research has not taken into account the demographic variables of age, sex, and ethnicity.

Methods: Three groups of psychiatrically hospitalized children ages 9–17 years were included: Children with a history of PAE (n = 295); children with cognitive impairment but no suspected history of PAE (n = 201); and children without suspected cognitive impairment (n = 317). All children completed a series of neuropsychological tests including the HCT and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV).

Results: Children with a history of PAE and cognitively impaired children with no history of PAE produced significantly more HCT errors across all ages than the cognitively unimpaired group. There were no significant effects of ethnicity or gender. Age and Working Memory Index were negatively correlated with HCT errors.

Conclusion: The findings support the use of the HCT as a sensitive measure of executive functions in both PAE and non-PAE cognitively impaired children with no evidence of gender and ethnic bias. Use of the HCT is indicated in future research to measure improvement in executive functioning among children with a history of PAE facilitated by education, rehabilitation, and other forms of training and treatment.



中文翻译:

Halstead 类别测试对产前酒精暴露和认知障碍儿童的神经认知缺陷的敏感性

摘要

目的:Halstead 类别测试 (HCT) 已被证明对成人和儿童的执行功能障碍很敏感。有大量产前酒精暴露 (PAE) 史的儿童通常在抽象推理、概念形成能力和认知灵活性等方面表现出执行功能缺陷。然而,早期的研究并没有考虑到年龄、性别和种族等人口统计学变量。

方法:包括三组 9-17 岁的精神病住院儿童:有 PAE 病史的儿童(n = 295);有认知障碍但没有疑似 PAE 病史的儿童(n = 201);和没有疑似认知障碍的儿童(n = 317)。所有儿童都完成了一系列神经心理学测试,包括 HCT 和韦克斯勒儿童智力量表-IV (WISC-IV)。

结果:有 PAE 病史的儿童和没有 PAE 病史的认知障碍儿童在所有年龄段产生的 HCT 错误明显多于认知未受损组。种族或性别没有显着影响。年龄和工作记忆指数与 HCT 错误呈负相关。

结论:研究结果支持使用 HCT 作为 PAE 和非 PAE 认知障碍儿童执行功能的敏感测量,没有性别和种族偏见的证据。在未来的研究中表明使用 HCT 来衡量有 PAE 病史的儿童在教育、康复和其他形式的培训和治疗的促进下执行功能的改善。

更新日期:2021-06-11
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