ABSTRACT

Introduction

Considerable efforts have been made to treat and prevent acute and chronic infections caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Current treatments are unable to protect people from reinfection. Hence, there is a need for development of both preventive and therapeutic HCV vaccines. Many vaccine candidates are in development to fight against HCV, but their efficacy has so far proven limited partly due to low immunogenicity.

Areas covered

We explore development of novel and powerful adjuvants to achieve an effective HCV vaccine. The basis for developing strong adjuvants is to understand the innate immunity pathway, which subsequently stimulates humoral and cellular immune responses. We have also investigated immunogenicity of developed adjuvants that have been used in recent studies available in online databases such as PubMed, PMC, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, etc.

Expert opinion

Adjuvants are used as a part of vaccine formulation to boost vaccine immunogenicity and antigen delivery. Several FDA-approved adjuvants are used in licensed human vaccines. Unfortunately, no adjuvant has yet been proven to boost HCV immune responses to the extent needed for an effective vaccine. One of the promising approaches for developing an effective adjuvant is the combination of various adjuvants to trigger several innate immune responses, leading to activation of adaptive immunity.

中文翻译：

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下一代 HCV 疫苗：专注于新型佐剂开发

摘要

介绍

已经为治疗和预防由丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 引起的急性和慢性感染做出了相当大的努力。目前的治疗方法无法保护人们免于再次感染。因此，需要开发预防性和治疗性HCV疫苗。许多候选疫苗正在开发中以对抗 HCV，但到目前为止，它们的功效已被证明是有限的，部分原因是免疫原性低。

涵盖的领域

我们探索开发新的和强大的佐剂以实现有效的 HCV 疫苗。开发强佐剂的基础是了解先天免疫途径，随后刺激体液和细胞免疫反应。我们还研究了已开发的佐剂的免疫原性，这些佐剂已用于在线数据库（如 PubMed、PMC、ScienceDirect、Google Scholar等）的最新研究中。

专家意见

佐剂用作疫苗制剂的一部分，以增强疫苗的免疫原性和抗原递送。几种 FDA 批准的佐剂用于获得许可的人类疫苗。不幸的是，目前还没有佐剂被证明可以将 HCV 免疫反应提高到有效疫苗所需的程度。开发有效佐剂的有希望的方法之一是组合各种佐剂以触发多种先天免疫反应，从而激活适应性免疫。