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CODIC: A Low-Cost Substrate for Enabling Custom In-DRAM Functionalities and Optimizations
arXiv - CS - Hardware Architecture Pub Date : 2021-06-10 , DOI: arxiv-2106.05632
Lois Orosa, Yaohua Wang, Mohammad Sadrosadati, Jeremie S. Kim, Minesh Patel, Ivan Puddu, Haocong Luo, Kaveh Razavi, Juan Gómez-Luna, Hasan Hassan, Nika Mansouri-Ghiasi, Saugata Ghose, Onur Mutlu

DRAM is the dominant main memory technology used in modern computing systems. Computing systems implement a memory controller that interfaces with DRAM via DRAM commands. DRAM executes the given commands using internal components (e.g., access transistors, sense amplifiers) that are orchestrated by DRAM internal timings, which are fixed foreach DRAM command. Unfortunately, the use of fixed internal timings limits the types of operations that DRAM can perform and hinders the implementation of new functionalities and custom mechanisms that improve DRAM reliability, performance and energy. To overcome these limitations, we propose enabling programmable DRAM internal timings for controlling in-DRAM components. To this end, we design CODIC, a new low-cost DRAM substrate that enables fine-grained control over four previously fixed internal DRAM timings that are key to many DRAM operations. We implement CODIC with only minimal changes to the DRAM chip and the DDRx interface. To demonstrate the potential of CODIC, we propose two new CODIC-based security mechanisms that outperform state-of-the-art mechanisms in several ways: (1) a new DRAM Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) that is more robust and has significantly higher throughput than state-of-the-art DRAM PUFs, and (2) the first cold boot attack prevention mechanism that does not introduce any performance or energy overheads at runtime.

中文翻译:

CODIC:支持自定义 In-DRAM 功能和优化的低成本基板

DRAM 是现代计算系统中使用的主要主存储器技术。计算系统实现了一个通过 DRAM 命令与 DRAM 接口的内存控制器。DRAM 使用由 DRAM 内部时序编排的内部组件(例如,存取晶体管、读出放大器)执行给定的命令,这些内部时序对于每个 DRAM 命令都是固定的。不幸的是,固定内部时序的使用限制了 DRAM 可以执行的操作类型,并阻碍了提高 DRAM 可靠性、性能和能量的新功能和自定义机制的实现。为了克服这些限制,我们建议启用可编程 DRAM 内部时序来控制 DRAM 组件。为此,我们设计了 CODIC,一种新的低成本 DRAM 基板,可以对四个以前固定的内部 DRAM 时序进行细粒度控制,这些时序是许多 DRAM 操作的关键。我们只对 DRAM 芯片和 DDRx 接口进行了极小的更改即可实现 CODIC。为了展示 CODIC 的潜力,我们提出了两种新的基于 CODIC 的安全机制,它们在几个方面优于最先进的机制:(1) 一种新的 DRAM 物理不可克隆功能 (PUF),它更健壮并且具有明显更高的性能。吞吐量高于最先进的 DRAM PUF,以及 (2) 第一个在运行时不会引入任何性能或能量开销的冷启动攻击预防机制。
更新日期:2021-06-11
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