Parallel redundancy is a common approach to increase network availability. As a consequence of providing redundancy, the loading of that component changes, affecting its reliability. In this article, a holistic approach combining two models is introduced to assess both instantaneous and future effects on general failure rates in the context of competing risks and dynamic degradation. Concretely, both are designed to account for the duration of abnormal loading events. First, a per-unit-degradation method is introduced to map the different loading states onto a single normal operation sojourn time variable. Second, a time-inhomogeneous Markov chain is introduced to assess the irreversible degradation following a nondetrimental abnormal loading event. The numerical illustration shows that both models are necessary to correctly assess the effects of redundancy dependence if the underlying failure distribution has a shape parameter exceeding one.

中文翻译：

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竞争风险和动态退化背景下的冗余依赖

并行冗余是提高网络可用性的常用方法。由于提供冗余，该组件的负载会发生变化，从而影响其可靠性。在本文中，引入了一种结合两种模型的整体方法，以评估在竞争风险和动态退化的背景下对一般故障率的瞬时和未来影响。具体而言，两者都旨在考虑异常加载事件的持续时间。首先，引入每单位降解方法将不同的负载状态映射到单个正常操作逗留时间变量上。其次，引入时间非均匀马尔可夫链来评估非有害异常加载事件后的不可逆退化。