The timing and dispersal routes of Homo sapiens (H. sapiens) into the Iranian Plateau have always been a matter of debate in the recent years. Current studies on the Upper Palaeolithic period of the Zagros mountains demonstrated the later colonisation of West-Central Zagros by H. sapiens based on techno-typological and radiocarbon dating. The Kermanshah region is one of the main concentrations of Palaeolithic sites in the West-Central Zagros mountains. Despite presenting rich Palaeolithic sequence records, it suffers from the lack of stratified data associated with chronological control. This issue, until now, has prevented us from evaluating and knowing how these archaeological records relate to the patterns of H. sapiens dispersal and colonisation into the West-Central Zagros mountains. Here, we present the first excavated and dated Palaeolithic site in Kermanshah. Eshkaft-e Gelimgoush Cave yielded a classic Upper Palaeolithic assemblage, representing the Lorestan and Kermanshah (LaK) cultural group documented in the West-Central Zagros. Radiocarbon dates, associated with the material culture from this cave, provide the first dated stratified Upper Palaeolithic evidence in Kermanshah. The data from Eshkaft-e Gelimgoush are consistent with the cultural diversity model among the Upper Palaeolithic populations in the Zagros and confirm later colonisation of the West-Central than northern and southern Zagros mountains.

近年来，智人（H. sapiens）进入伊朗高原的时间和传播途径一直是争论的焦点。目前对扎格罗斯山脉旧石器时代晚期的研究表明，根据技术类型学和放射性碳测年，智人后来在扎格罗斯中西部殖民。克尔曼沙赫地区是扎格罗斯中西部山区旧石器时代遗址的主要集中地之一。尽管提供了丰富的旧石器时代序列记录，但缺乏与时间顺序控制相关的分层数据。直到现在，这个问题使我们无法评估和了解这些考古记录如何与智人的模式相关联扩散和殖民到扎格罗斯中西部山脉。在这里，我们展示了克尔曼沙赫第一个已发掘并确定年代的旧石器时代遗址。Eshkaft-e Gelimgoush 洞穴产生了一个经典的旧石器时代晚期组合，代表了在扎格罗斯中西部记录的 Lorestan 和 Kermanshah (LaK) 文化群体。与该洞穴中的物质文化相关的放射性碳测年提供了克尔曼沙赫最早的旧石器时代晚期分层证据。来自 Eshkaft-e Gelimgoush 的数据与扎格罗斯旧石器时代晚期人群的文化多样性模型一致，并证实了中西部比扎格罗斯山脉北部和南部更晚的殖民化。