Abstract

The study provides thresholds of income inequality that if exceeded will nullify the positive effect of governance dynamics on gender-inclusive education in 42 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2004–2014. The Generalised Method of Moments is used as an estimation strategy. The following findings are established. First, the unconditional effects of governance dynamics on inclusive education are consistently positive whereas the corresponding conditional effects from the interaction between inequality and governance dynamics are consistently negative. Second, the levels of inequality that completely crowd-out the positive incidence of governance on inclusive ‘primary and secondary education’ are: 0.587 for the rule of law and 0.565 for corruption-control. Third, the levels of inequality that completely dampen the positive incidence of governance on inclusive ‘secondary education’ are: 0.601 for ‘voice & accountability’ and 0.700 for regulation quality. Fourth, for tertiary education, inequality thresholds are respectively 0.568 for political stability and 0.562 for corruption-control. The main policy implication is that for governance dynamics to promote inclusive education in the sampled countries, income inequality levels should be kept within the established thresholds. Other implications are discussed in the light of Sustainable Development Goals.

摘要

该研究提供了收入不平等的阈值，如果超过该阈值，将抵消 2004 年至 2014 年期间撒哈拉以南非洲 42 个国家的治理动态对性别包容教育的积极影响。广义矩量法用作估计策略。以下发现成立。首先，治理动态对全纳教育的无条件影响始终是积极的，而不平等与治理动态之间相互作用的相应条件影响始终是负面的。其次，完全排除治理对包容性“中小学教育”的积极影响的不平等程度为：法治为 0.587，腐败控制为 0.565。第三，完全抑制包容性“中等教育”治理积极影响的不平等程度为：“话语权和问责制”为 0.601，监管质量为 0.700。第四，对于高等教育，政治稳定和腐败控制的不平等门槛分别为 0.568 和 0.562。主要的政策含义是，为了在样本国家促进全纳教育的治理动态，收入不平等水平应保持在既定阈值内。其他影响将根据可持续发展目标进行讨论。562用于腐败控制。主要的政策含义是，为了在样本国家促进全纳教育的治理动态，收入不平等水平应保持在既定阈值内。其他影响将根据可持续发展目标进行讨论。562用于腐败控制。主要的政策含义是，为了在样本国家促进全纳教育的治理动态，收入不平等水平应保持在既定阈值内。其他影响将根据可持续发展目标进行讨论。