Madurai block in South India stands as an excellent example of ultrahigh temperature metamorphic terranes being studied globally to understand the extreme thermal capacities of crustal rocks and the processes that cause these extreme thermal environments. The granulites of the Madurai block were subjected to extreme crustal metamorphism during the Late Neoproterozoic, as evidenced by the texture of the sapphirine + quartz association registered as peak metamorphic assemblage. The metamorphic zircon from sapphirine-granulites produces a U-Pb age of 546.5 ± 7.8 Ma which is interpreted as a global Pan-African crustal evolution event and the dominant zircon population indicates multiple sources of Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic age in the southern Madurai block. Decompression textures other than orthopyroxene-cordierite ± sapphirine symplectites are indicative of retrograde / exhumation in the granulites metamorphic cycle. P–T pseudosections have been constructed for sapphirine-granulites in relation to the NCKFMASHTO system (Na₂O-CaO-K₂O-FeO-MgO-Al₂O₃–SiO₂-H₂O-TiO₂-O₂) using Perple_X software (version 6). The limitations in the interpretation of mineral reactions and the metamorphic history provided by pseudosection modelling for mineral proportions suggest that the peak metamorphic temperature is ~960 °C and pressure is ~9.2 kbar.

印度南部的马杜赖区块是全球研究超高温变质地体的一个很好的例子，以了解地壳岩石的极端热容量和导致这些极端热环境的过程。马杜赖地块的麻粒岩在晚新元古代经历了极端的地壳变质作用，蓝宝石+石英组合的结构证明是峰值变质组合。来自蓝宝石-麻粒岩的变质锆石产生的 U-Pb 年龄为 546.5±7.8 Ma，被解释为全球泛非地壳演化事件，主要的锆石种群表明马杜赖地块南部新太古代至古元古代的多个来源。已针对与 NCKFMASHTO 系统（Na ₂ O-CaO-K ₂ O-FeO-MgO-Al ₂ O ₃ –SiO ₂ -H ₂ O-TiO ₂ -O ₂）相关的蓝宝石-麻粒岩构建了P-T假截面使用Perple_X软件（版本 6）。矿物反应的解释和矿物比例假截面模型提供的变质历史的局限性表明，峰值变质温度为 ~960 °C，压力为 ~9.2 kbar。