Virginie Desgranges (1868–1887), was born into an impoverished family on the Brittany/Normandy border. Her father, who died when she ten, was a rag-and-bone man. At the request of folklorist, she filled eleven notebooks with a mixture of songs, traditional tales and three longer, semi-autobiographical fictions, written while she was employed as a farm servant. This article uses these texts to explore the world of a young, poor, malnourished and possibly abused young woman in nineteenth-century rural Brittany. Through her narratives we can derive a picture of her world with its dangers, miseries and occasional pleasures, and the characters who shaped her life experiences: the predatory masters, the miserly farmers, the helpful neighbours, and the magistrates. We learn about her cultural formation, the role of the school and the church, but also the street-singers, the sailors and the vagabonds who contributed to her oral culture. In her short stories Virginie tells us about the tensions within her family – with her brother but particularly her mother – and raises the topic of sexual abuse. These texts enable historians to perceive how someone in her position interpreted their own sufferings, and in particular what violence and misery she felt was normal and what aberrant. They also show us how a young woman might plan her escape from her circumstances, as well as the forces that prevented those plans coming to fruition.

中文翻译：

---

布列塔尼圩田的灰姑娘：1880 年代年轻女农奴笔记本中的苦难与逃亡*

Virginie Desgranges (1868–1887) 出生于布列塔尼/诺曼底边界的一个贫困家庭。她的父亲在她十岁时就去世了，他是个骨瘦如柴的男人。应民俗学家的要求，她将歌曲、传统故事和三篇较长的半自传体小说填满了 11 个笔记本，这些小说是在她受雇于农场佣人期间写成的。本文使用这些文本来探索 19 世纪布列塔尼农村一位年轻、贫穷、营养不良且可能遭受虐待的年轻女性的世界。通过她的叙述，我们可以勾勒出她的世界及其危险、苦难和偶尔的快乐，以及塑造她生活经历的人物：掠夺性的主人、吝啬的农民、乐于助人的邻居和地方法官。我们了解她的文化形成、学校和教会的作用，还有那些为她的口头文化做出贡献的街头歌手、水手和流浪者。在她的短篇小说中，维吉妮向我们讲述了她家庭内部的紧张局势——与她的兄弟，尤其是她的母亲——并提出了性虐待的话题。这些文本使历史学家能够了解处于她地位的人如何解释他们自己的痛苦，尤其是她认为哪些暴力和痛苦是正常的，哪些是异常的。它们还向我们展示了一个年轻女性如何计划逃离她的环境，以及阻止这些计划实现的力量。这些文本使历史学家能够了解处于她地位的人如何解释他们自己的痛苦，尤其是她认为哪些暴力和痛苦是正常的，哪些是异常的。它们还向我们展示了一个年轻女性如何计划逃离她的环境，以及阻止这些计划实现的力量。这些文本使历史学家能够了解处于她地位的人如何解释他们自己的痛苦，尤其是她认为哪些暴力和痛苦是正常的，哪些是异常的。它们还向我们展示了一个年轻女性如何计划逃离她的环境，以及阻止这些计划实现的力量。