The space and time scales over which wind forcing can directly drive flows over regions of closed topographic contours are explored using an idealized numerical model and theory. It is shown that stratification limits the vertical scale of the mean flow but also results in an enhanced recirculation strength in shallow water by distorting the isopycnals in the bottom boundary layer. Time-dependent forcing can drive flows that extend deeper than the mean flow because the initial response is primarily barotropic. This response is limited at low frequencies by baroclinic Rossby wave propagation. It is expected that these wind-driven flows might be important in the vicinity of islands and over large-scale topographic features.

中文翻译：

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地形上的风驱动流

使用理想化的数值模型和理论探索了风力可以直接驱动封闭地形轮廓区域上的流动的空间和时间尺度。结果表明，分层限制了平均流的垂直尺度，但也通过扭曲底部边界层的等密度线而导致浅水再循环强度增强。与时间相关的强迫可以驱动比平均流量更深的流动，因为初始响应主要是正压响应。这种响应在低频受到斜压罗斯比波传播的限制。预计这些风力驱动的流动在岛屿附近和大尺度地形特征上可能很重要。