ABSTRACT Poor Health Literacy (HL) and Nutrition Literacy (NL) are associated with negative health outcomes and they comprise an emerging field for health policy, practice and research. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sex and age in HL and NL levels in Greece. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban area of the Attica region. The sample consisted of 1281 individuals, aged ≥ 18 years. HL and NL were assessed via the European Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS_EU_Q47) and the Greek version of the Nutrition Literacy Scale (NLS-Gr), respectively. Sociodemographic characteristics were also assessed. Sample’s mean HL and NL were 32.28 ± 8.28 and 22.11 ± 5.68, respectively. Linear regression analysis revealed that both age and sex seem to affect HL and NL levels. Men, overall, had lower HL (p = 0.042) than women, but after controlling for education, NL and the existence of chronic disease, the difference was not significant. Individuals aged 56–65 had higher levels of HL (p = 0.023) than the youngest group. Males > 65 years old and females 56–65 years and > 65 years old, had significantly lower levels of NL (p < 0.001, p = 0.009, p < 0.001, respectively), in comparison to the younger groups. Age and sex seem to play a crucial role as predicting factors for HL and NL levels.

中文翻译：

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希腊成年人样本中性别和年龄与健康和营养素养水平的关系

摘要 不良健康素养 (HL) 和营养素养 (NL) 与负面健康结果相关，它们构成了健康政策、实践和研究的新兴领域。本研究的目的是调查性别和年龄对希腊 HL 和 NL 水平的影响。在阿提卡地区的市区进行了一项横断面研究。样本由 1281 人组成，年龄≥18 岁。HL 和 NL 分别通过欧洲健康素养问卷 (HLS_EU_Q47) 和希腊版本的营养素养量表 (NLS-Gr) 进行评估。还评估了社会人口学特征。样本的平均 HL 和 NL 分别为 32.28 ± 8.28 和 22.11 ± 5.68。线性回归分析显示，年龄和性别似乎都会影响 HL 和 NL 水平。总体而言，男性的 HL (p = 0.042) 低于女性，但在控制教育、NL和慢性病的存在后，差异不显着。56-65 岁的人的 HL 水平（p = 0.023）高于最年轻的组。与年轻组相比，男性 > 65 岁和女性 56-65 岁和 > 65 岁的 NL 水平显着较低（分别为 p < 0.001、p = 0.009、p < 0.001）。年龄和性别似乎在预测 HL 和 NL 水平方面起着至关重要的作用。与年轻群体相比。年龄和性别似乎在预测 HL 和 NL 水平方面起着至关重要的作用。与年轻群体相比。年龄和性别似乎在预测 HL 和 NL 水平方面起着至关重要的作用。