Abstract

Approximately one-third of DUI offenders in the United States are repeat offenders. The criminal justice system has used both deterrence-based and rehabilitation approaches to prevent DUI recidivism. However, existing studies have not examined deterrence and rehabilitation as they relate to DUI recidivism in a single model. The goal of this study is to simultaneously examine the effects of an established deterrence-related measure (conviction celerity) and a rehabilitation outcome (intervention compliance) on DUI recidivism, specifically whether intervention compliance mediates the relationship between conviction celerity and DUI recidivism. Utilizing a statewide sample of DUI offenders (N = 6,936), a mediation model was tested to examine intervention compliance as a potential mediator between conviction celerity and recidivism, controlling for known correlates of DUI recidivism. The mediation model was unsupported, but compliance was significantly related to DUI recidivism. Several covariates were also related to compliance and recidivism. Findings suggest that compliance and other factors may increase the risk of DUI recidivism among certain populations. Results demonstrate the need for the criminal justice system and behavioral health providers to thoroughly assess DUI offenders to identify those at higher risk of recidivism, while emphasizing offenders’ treatment needs, treatment accessibility, and treatment retention in order to decrease DUI recidivism.

摘要

在美国，大约三分之一的酒后驾车犯罪者是惯犯。刑事司法系统使用了基于威慑和康复的方法来防止酒后驾车的累犯。然而，现有的研究没有检查威慑和康复，因为它们与单一模型中的 DUI 累犯有关。本研究的目的是同时检查既定的威慑相关措施（定罪速度）和康复结果（干预依从性）对酒后驾车再犯的影响，特别是干预依从性是否介导了定罪速度和酒后驾车再犯之间的关系。利用全州范围内的酒后驾车罪犯样本 ( N = 6,936），测试了调解模型以检查干预依从性作为快速定罪和再犯之间的潜在中介，控制了已知的酒后驾车再犯相关因素。调解模式不受支持，但合规性与 DUI 累犯显着相关。几个协变量也与依从性和累犯有关。研究结果表明，依从性和其他因素可能会增加某些人群酒后驾车再犯的风险。结果表明，刑事司法系统和行为健康提供者需要彻底评估酒后驾车犯罪者，以识别那些再犯风险较高的人，同时强调犯罪者的治疗需求、治疗可及性和治疗保留率，以减少酒后驾车的再犯。