Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, and many studies have focused on finding effective blood biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis of this disease. Predicting cerebral amyloid deposition is considered the key for AD diagnosis because a cerebral amyloid deposition is the hallmark of AD pathogenesis. Previously, blood biomarkers were discovered to predict cerebral amyloid deposition, and further efforts have been made to increase their sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we analyzed blood-test factors (BTFs) that can be commonly measured in medical health check-ups from 149 participants with cognitively normal, 87 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 64 patients with clinically diagnosed AD dementia with brain amyloid imaging data available. We demonstrated that four factors among regular health check-up blood tests, cortisol, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, alanine aminotransferase, and free triiodothyronine, showed either a significant difference by or correlation with cerebral amyloid deposition. Furthermore, we made a prediction model for Pittsburgh compound B-positron emission tomography positivity, using BTFs and the previously discovered blood biomarkers, the QPLEX^TM Alz plus assay kit biomarker panel, and the area under the curve was significantly increased up to 0.845% with 69.4% sensitivity and 90.6% specificity. These results show that BTFs could be used as co-biomarkers and that a highly advanced prediction model for amyloid plaque deposition could be achieved by the combinational use of diverse biomarkers.

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是痴呆症的主要原因，许多研究都致力于寻找有效的血液生物标志物来准确诊断这种疾病。预测脑淀粉样蛋白沉积被认为是 AD 诊断的关键，因为脑淀粉样蛋白沉积是 AD 发病机制的标志。此前，人们发现血液生物标志物可以预测脑淀粉样蛋白沉积，并进一步努力提高其敏感性和特异性。在这项研究中，我们通过脑淀粉样蛋白成像分析了 149 名认知正常的参与者、87 名轻度认知障碍患者和 64 名临床诊断的 AD 痴呆患者的血液测试因素 (BTF)，这些因素在医疗健康检查中通常可以测量可用数据。我们证明，定期体检血液检查中的四个因素：皮质醇、甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值、丙氨酸转氨酶和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸，与脑淀粉样蛋白沉积存在显着差异或相关。此外，我们利用 BTF 和之前发现的血液生物标志物QPLEX ^TM Alz plus 检测试剂盒生物标志物组，建立了匹兹堡复合 B 正电子发射断层扫描阳性率的预测模型，曲线下面积显着增加至 0.845%。敏感性为 69.4%，特异性为 90.6%。这些结果表明，BTF 可以用作辅助生物标志物，并且通过组合使用不同的生物标志物可以实现淀粉样蛋白斑沉积的高度先进的预测模型。