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On the origin of the genetic variation in infectious disease prevalence: Genetic analysis of disease status versus infections for Digital Dermatitis in Dutch dairy cattle
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-09 , DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12635
Pranav Shrikant Kulkarni 1, 2, 3 , Floor Biemans 1, 4, 5, 6 , Mart C M de Jong 2 , Piter Bijma 1
Affiliation  

The purpose of this study was to investigate the origin of the genetic variation in the prevalence of bovine digital dermatitis (DD) by comparing a genetic analysis of infection events to a genetic analysis of disease status. DD is an important endemic infectious disease affecting the claws of cattle. For disease status, we analysed binary data on individual disease status (0,1; indicating being free versus infected), whereas for infections, we analysed binary data on disease transmission events (1,0; indicating becoming infected or not). The analyses of the two traits were compared using cross-validation. The analysis of disease status captures a combination of genetic variation in disease susceptibility and the ability of individuals to recover, whereas the analysis of infections captures genetic variation in susceptibility only. Estimated genetic variances for both traits indicated substantial genetic variation. The GEBV for disease status and infections correlated with only 0.60, indicating that both models indeed capture distinct information. Together, these results suggest the presence of genetic variation not only in disease susceptibility, but also in the ability of individuals to recover from DD. We argue that the presence of genetic variation in recovery implies that breeders should distinguish between infected individuals versus infectious individuals. This is because epidemiological theory shows that selection for recovery is effective only when it targets recovery from being infectious.

中文翻译:

关于传染病流行的遗传变异的起源:荷兰奶牛数字皮炎疾病状态与感染的遗传分析

本研究的目的是通过将感染事件的遗传分析与疾病状态的遗传分析进行比较,调查牛趾皮炎 (DD) 流行的遗传变异的起源。DD是一种影响牛爪的重要地方性传染病。对于疾病状态,我们分析了个体疾病状态的二进制数据(0,1;表示自由与感染),而对于感染,我们分析了疾病传播事件的二进制数据(1,0;表示被感染与否)。使用交叉验证比较这两个性状的分析。疾病状态的分析结合了疾病易感性的遗传变异和个体恢复能力,而感染的分析仅捕获了易感性的遗传变异。两种性状的估计遗传变异表明存在显着的遗传变异。疾病状态和感染的 GEBV 仅与 0.60 相关,表明两种模型确实捕获了不同的信息。总之,这些结果表明不仅在疾病易感性方面存在遗传变异,而且在个体从 DD 中恢复的能力方面也存在遗传变异。我们认为,恢复过程中遗传变异的存在意味着育种者应该区分受感染的个体和受感染的个体。这是因为流行病学理论表明,只有当目标是从感染中恢复时,恢复选择才有效。表明这两个模型确实捕获了不同的信息。总之,这些结果表明不仅在疾病易感性方面存在遗传变异,而且在个体从 DD 中恢复的能力方面也存在遗传变异。我们认为,恢复过程中遗传变异的存在意味着育种者应该区分受感染的个体和受感染的个体。这是因为流行病学理论表明,只有当目标是从传染性中恢复时,恢复选择才有效。表明这两个模型确实捕获了不同的信息。总之,这些结果表明不仅在疾病易感性方面存在遗传变异,而且在个体从 DD 中恢复的能力方面也存在遗传变异。我们认为,恢复过程中遗传变异的存在意味着育种者应该区分受感染的个体和受感染的个体。这是因为流行病学理论表明,只有当目标是从传染性中恢复时,恢复选择才有效。我们认为,恢复过程中遗传变异的存在意味着育种者应该区分受感染的个体和受感染的个体。这是因为流行病学理论表明,只有当目标是从传染性中恢复时,恢复选择才有效。我们认为,恢复过程中遗传变异的存在意味着育种者应该区分受感染的个体和受感染的个体。这是因为流行病学理论表明,只有当目标是从传染性中恢复时,恢复选择才有效。
更新日期:2021-06-09
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