Bad smells are indicators of possible problems in software. Refactoring is usually undertaken to eradicate bad smells. Many studies have investigated the impact of bad smells on software quality, however, only a few have proposed methods to prioritize bad smells. The objective of this paper is to propose a model to prioritize bad smells based on their impact on software maintainability. We use the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to prioritize bad smells based on their maintainability impact by measuring the code before and after refactoring. The model is validated against five bad smells and five open-source projects. In addition, a visualization of the relationships between classes’ maintainability and its bad smells’ ranking is presented. The prioritization model can help software practitioners in prioritizing their effort and better utilizing their resources. The proposed prioritization model provides an effective method to prioritize the impact of bad smells on maintainability and it can be extended to prioritize the impact of bad smells on other quality attributes.

难闻的气味是软件中可能存在问题的指标。重构通常是为了消除难闻的气味。许多研究调查了难闻的气味对软件质量的影响，然而，只有少数提出了优先处理难闻气味的方法。本文的目的是提出一个模型，根据它们对软件可维护性的影响对难闻气味进行优先级排序。我们使用层次分析法 (AHP) 通过测量重构前后的代码，根据其可维护性影响对难闻气味进行优先级排序。该模型针对五种不良气味和五个开源项目进行了验证。此外，还呈现了类的可维护性与其不良气味排名之间关系的可视化。优先级模型可以帮助软件从业者优先考虑他们的工作并更好地利用他们的资源。所提出的优先级模型提供了一种有效的方法来优先考虑难闻气味对可维护性的影响，并且可以扩展到优先考虑难闻气味对其他质量属性的影响。