Rapid development in wearable electronics has brought huge convenience to human life and gradually penetrated into various indispensable fields, such as health monitoring, medical assistance, smart sports, object tracking and smart home, etc. However, the suitable energy supply system for these wearable electronics remains an important issue to address. Fiber and textile triboelectric nanogenerators (f/t-TENGs), capable of converting biomechanical energy into electricity, have promising features to act as a mobile sustainable power source for wearable electronics or directly serve as an intelligent self-powered sensing solution. Compared with the low-output piezoelectric nanogenerators, hard-to-wear electromagnetic generators and other bulk TENGs, the fiber/textile TENG may be the best type of wearable human mechanical energy harvester at present. Herein, this review comprehensively introduces the recent progress of smart fibers and textiles with a highlight on triboelectric nanogenerators, including the general materials and structures of fiber/textile shaped electronics, various fiber and textile devices for triboelectric/triboelectric-integrated energy harvesting and self-powered smart sensing systems. Moreover, the advance of f/t-TENGs with multifunctionality and large-scale textile processing techniques is summarized as well. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of f/t-TENGs for future improvement, large-scale production and emerging applications are thoroughly discussed as well.

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中文翻译：

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功能性纤维和纺织摩擦纳米发电机的最新进展：面向发电和智能传感

可穿戴电子的快速发展给人类生活带来了巨大的便利，并逐渐渗透到各个不可或缺的领域，如健康监测、医疗救助、智能运动、物体跟踪和智能家居等。 然而，适合这些可穿戴电子的能源供应系统仍然是一个需要解决的重要问题。纤维和纺织摩擦纳米发电机 (f/t-TENGs) 能够将生物机械能转化为电能，具有作为可穿戴电子设备的移动可持续电源或直接用作智能自供电传感解决方案的有前景的特性。与低输出压电纳米发电机、耐磨电磁发电机和其他大块 TENG 相比，纤维/纺织品 TENG 可能是目前最好的可穿戴人体机械能量收集器。在此，本综述全面介绍了智能纤维和纺织品的最新进展，重点介绍了摩擦纳米发电机，包括纤维/纺织品异形电子产品的一般材料和结构，用于摩擦/摩擦电集成能量收集和自发电的各种纤维和纺织设备。动力智能传感系统。此外，还总结了具有多功能性和大规模纺织品加工技术的 f/t-TENGs 的进展。最后，还深入讨论了 f/t-TENG 对未来改进、大规模生产和新兴应用的挑战和前景。包括纤维/纺织异形电子产品的一般材料和结构，用于摩擦电/摩擦电集成能量收集和自供电智能传感系统的各种纤维和纺织设备。此外，还总结了具有多功能性和大规模纺织品加工技术的 f/t-TENGs 的进展。最后，还深入讨论了 f/t-TENG 对未来改进、大规模生产和新兴应用的挑战和前景。包括纤维/纺织异形电子产品的一般材料和结构，用于摩擦电/摩擦电集成能量收集和自供电智能传感系统的各种纤维和纺织设备。此外，还总结了具有多功能性和大规模纺织品加工技术的 f/t-TENGs 的进展。最后，还深入讨论了 f/t-TENG 对未来改进、大规模生产和新兴应用的挑战和前景。

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