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Socioeconomic factors, stress, hair cortisol, and white matter microstructure in children
Developmental Psychobiology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-09 , DOI: 10.1002/dev.22147
Katrina R Simon 1 , Emily C Merz 2 , Xiaofu He 3 , Pooja M Desai 1 , Jerrold S Meyer 4 , Kimberly G Noble 1
Affiliation  

Socioeconomic disadvantage has been linked to increased stress exposure in children and adults. Exposure to stress in childhood has been associated with deleterious effects on cognitive development and well-being throughout the lifespan. Further, exposure to stress has been associated with differences in brain development in children, both in cortical and subcortical gray matter. However, less is known about the associations among socioeconomic disadvantage, stress, and children's white matter development. In this study, we investigated whether socioeconomic disparities would be associated with differences in white matter microstructure in the cingulum bundle, as has been previously reported. We additionally investigated whether any such differences could be explained by differences in stress exposure and/or physiological stress levels. White matter tracts were measured via diffusion tensor imaging in 58 children aged 5–9 years. Results indicated that greater exposure to stressful life events was associated with higher child hair cortisol concentrations. Further, physiological stress, as indexed by hair cortisol concentrations, were associated with higher fractional anisotropy in the cingulum bundle. These results have implications for better understanding how perceived and physiological stress may alter neural development during childhood.

中文翻译:

儿童的社会经济因素、压力、头发皮质醇和白质微结构

社会经济劣势与儿童和成人的压力暴露增加有关。童年时期的压力暴露与对整个生命周期的认知发展和幸福感的有害影响有关。此外,暴露于压力与儿童大脑发育的差异有关,包括皮质和皮质下灰质。然而,人们对社会经济劣势、压力和儿童白质发育之间的关联知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们调查了社会经济差异是否与扣带束中白质微结构的差异有关,正如先前报道的那样。我们还调查了是否可以通过压力暴露和/或生理压力水平的差异来解释任何此类差异。通过弥散张量成像测量了 58 名 5-9 岁儿童的白质束。结果表明,更多地暴露于压力性生活事件与更高的儿童头发皮质醇浓度相关。此外,以头发皮质醇浓度为指标的生理压力与扣带束中较高的分数各向异性有关。这些结果有助于更好地理解感知和生理压力如何改变儿童时期的神经发育。与扣带束中较高的分数各向异性有关。这些结果有助于更好地理解感知和生理压力如何改变儿童时期的神经发育。与扣带束中较高的分数各向异性有关。这些结果有助于更好地理解感知和生理压力如何改变儿童时期的神经发育。
更新日期:2021-06-09
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