The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Apiaceae seeds - bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) caraway (Carum carvi L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as sources of high value lipophilic bioactive molecules. To evaluate the efficiency of extraction methods on seed oil yield and bioactive compounds content, seeds were extracted by both conventional methods (Soxhlet extraction and agitation-assisted extraction at room temperature) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) at 25 and 100 °C. Coriander was characterized by the highest yield of seed oil (12.30 %), the highest content of C18:1 fatty acids (sum of petroselinic acid and oleic acid) and the lowest content of lauric acid, while caraway seed oil contained 6.20 % of atypical caproic fatty acid. Although high levels of sterols were determined in all the seed oils analyzed, along with the dominance of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, total sterols were highest in anise seed oil (903.9 mg/100 g) which contained particularly high levels of spinasterol and Δ7-stigmastenol. Significant levels of the triterpenes α- and β-amyrin were also detected in all extracted seed oils. Conventional methods resulted in higher oil yields, but the highest contents of total sterols and triterpenes were obtained by PLE at 100 °C. The lower yields of seed oil obtained with PLE were related to the relative decrease of C18:1 acids caused by their lower extractability and the subsequent increase od lauric acid. The obtained results show that PLE can be a useful tool for modulating the content and composition of bioactive molecules in lipid extracts from Apiaceae seeds.

本研究的目的是调查伞形科种子 - 苦茴香 ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare)、茴香 ( Pimpinella anisum L.) 香菜 ( Carum carvi L.) 和香菜 ( Coriandrum sativum ) 的潜力L.) 作为高价值亲脂性生物活性分子的来源。为了评估提取方法对种子油产量和生物活性化合物含量的效率，通过常规方法（索氏提取和室温搅拌辅助提取）和加压液体提取 (PLE) 在 25 和 100 °C 下提取种子。香菜籽油产量最高（12.30%），C18:1脂肪酸（岩芹酸和油酸之和）含量最高，月桂酸含量最低，而葛缕子籽油含有6.20%的非典型己酸。尽管在所有分析的种子油中都确定了高水平的甾醇，以及豆甾醇和 β-谷甾醇的优势，但茴香籽油中的总甾醇含量最高（903. 9 毫克/100 克），其中含有特别高水平的菠菜甾醇和 Δ7-豆甾醇。在所有提取的种子油中也检测到显着水平的三萜 α- 和 β-香树脂醇。常规方法导致更高的油产率，但在 100 °C 时通过 PLE 获得最高含量的总甾醇和三萜。使用 PLE 获得的种子油产量较低与 C18:1 酸的较低可提取性导致的相对减少以及随后月桂酸的增加有关。获得的结果表明，PLE 可以成为调节伞形科种子脂质提取物中生物活性分子含量和组成的有用工具。但 PLE 在 100 °C 下获得的总甾醇和三萜含量最高。使用 PLE 获得的种子油产量较低与 C18:1 酸的较低可提取性导致的相对减少以及随后月桂酸的增加有关。获得的结果表明，PLE 可以成为调节伞形科种子脂质提取物中生物活性分子含量和组成的有用工具。但 PLE 在 100 °C 下获得的总甾醇和三萜含量最高。使用 PLE 获得的种子油产量较低与 C18:1 酸的较低可提取性导致的相对减少以及随后月桂酸的增加有关。获得的结果表明，PLE 可以成为调节伞形科种子脂质提取物中生物活性分子含量和组成的有用工具。