Multiregional input-output (MRIO) tables, in conjunction with Leontief analysis, are widely-used to assess the geographical distribution of carbon emissions and the economic activities that cause them. We examine Leontief analysis as a model, demonstrating commonalities with modern approaches in information theory and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. Paralleling the physical concept of thermo-majorization, we define the concept of eco-majorization and show it is a sufficient condition to determine the directionality of embodied impact flows. Surprisingly, relatively small trade deficits and geographically heterogeneous impacts greatly increase the appearance of eco-majorization, regardless of any further content in the MRIO tables used. Our results are bolstered by a statistical analysis of null models of MRIO tables developed by the Global Trade Aggregation Project.

中文翻译：

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测量碳足迹的非平衡热力学：分解投入产出核算中的结构和人工因素

多区域投入产出 (MRIO) 表与 Leontief 分析相结合，被广泛用于评估碳排放的地理分布和导致碳排放的经济活动。我们将 Leontief 分析作为一个模型，展示了与现代信息论和非平衡统计力学方法的共性。平行于热主化的物理概念，我们定义了生态主化的概念，并表明它是确定具体影响流的方向性的充分条件。令人惊讶的是，相对较小的贸易逆差和地理上的异质影响大大增加了生态主要化的出现，而不管使用的 MRIO 表中的任何其他内容如何。