We studied the effects of centrality fluctuation and deuteron formation on the cumulant ( ) and correlation functions ( ) of protons up to the sixth order in the most central ( < 3 fm) Au+Au collisions at = 3 GeV in a microscopic transport model (JAM). The results are presented as a function of rapidity acceptance within the transverse momentum 0.4 < p _T < 2 GeV/ c. We compared the results obtained by the centrality bin width correction (CBWC) using charged reference particle multiplicities with the CBWC using impact parameter bins. It was found that, at low energies, the centrality resolution for determining the collision centrality using charged particle multiplicities is not sufficient to reduce the initial volume fluctuation effect for higher-order cumulant analysis. New methods need to be developed to classify events with high centrality resolution for heavy-ion collisions at low energies. Finally, we observed that the formation of deuterons suppresses the higher-order cumulants and correlation functions of protons and found it to be similar to the efficiency effect. This work can serve as a noncritical baseline for the QCD critical point search in the high baryon density region.

我们研究了中心波动和氘核形成对在微观传输模型中最中心 ( <3 fm) Au+Au 碰撞= 3 GeV 中最高六阶的质子的累积量 ( ) 和相关函数 ( ) 的影响 (果酱）。结果显示为横向动量 0.4 < p _T < 2 GeV/ c内的快速接受度函数. 我们比较了使用带电参考粒子多重性的中心度箱宽度校正 (CBWC) 与使用冲击参数箱的 CBWC 获得的结果。研究发现，在低能量下，使用带电粒子多重性确定碰撞中心性的中心性分辨率不足以降低高阶累积量分析的初始体积波动效应。需要开发新的方法来对低能量重离子碰撞的高中心分辨率事件进行分类。最后，我们观察到氘核的形成抑制了质子的高阶累积量和相关函数，发现它与效率效应相似。这项工作可以作为高重子密度区域 QCD 临界点搜索的非临界基线。