A comprehensive study of electron collisions with the X ¹Σ_g ⁺ ground state as well as the metastable A ³Σ_u ⁺ and a ¹Π_g excited states of the N₂molecule is reported using the fixed-nucleus R-matrix method. Integral elastic scattering and electronic excitation cross sections from the X ¹Σ_g ⁺ ground state to the eight lowest electronic states, A ³Σ_u ⁺, B ³Π_g, W ³Δ_u, B′ ³Σ_u ⁻, a ¹Π_g, a′ ¹Σ_u ⁻, w ¹Δ_u and C ³Π_u, overall agree well with the available experimental and theoretical results although updates of some recommended values are suggested. Accurate electron impact electronic transition cross sections starting from the A ³Σ_u ⁺ and a ¹Π_g metastable excited states are reported. The total summed electronic transition cross sections from the a ¹Π_g state is dominant: an order of magnitude higher than those of the X ¹Σ_g ⁺ ground state. The de-excitation cross sections generally show a downward trend with increasing incident electron energy, which is different from the elastic and electronic excitation cross sections which generally increase with collision energy. There is a prominent ²Π_u symmetry resonance peak at 2.8eV for electronic de-excitation scattering of a ¹Π_g → B ³Π_g, which significantly contributes to the total summed cross sections from the a ¹Π_g excited state. The present results provide a new insight which will aid understanding of electron spectra in the atmosphere of the Earth and Titan.

使用固定核 R 矩阵方法报告了对电子与X ¹ Σ _g ⁺基态以及亚稳态A ³ Σ _u ⁺和N ₂分子的 ¹ Π _g激发态的碰撞的综合研究。从X ¹ Σ _g ⁺基态到八个最低电子态A ³ Σ _u ⁺ , B ³ Π _g , W ^{3 的}整体弹性散射和电子激发截面 Δ _u , B′ ³ Σ _u ⁻ , a ¹ Π _g , a′ ¹ Σ _u ⁻ , w ¹ Δ _u和C ³ Π _u总体上与现有的实验和理论结果一致，尽管建议更新一些推荐值. 从A ³ Σ _u ⁺和a ¹ Π _g开始的精确电子撞击电子跃迁截面报道了亚稳态激发态。来自a ¹ Π _g状态的总电子跃迁截面总和占主导地位：比X ¹ Σ _g ⁺基态高一个数量级。退激截面一般随着入射电子能量的增加呈下降趋势，这与弹性和电子激发截面一般随碰撞能量的增加而增加不同。有一个突出的² Π _ù对称共振在2.8eV的峰对的电子去激发散射一个 ^1个Π_克→乙 ³ Π_g，它对来自a ¹ Π _g激发态的总横截面有显着贡献。目前的结果提供了一种新的见解，将有助于理解地球和泰坦大气中的电子光谱。