The dynamics of large superwavelength open systems which are free-standing multi-wire lines with a large number of Josephson junctions, DC bias batteries and other lumped elements is analyzed using direct numerical simulation. Such systems represent the simplest version of the active Josephson antennas proposed in our earlier studies and show promise as terahertz and subterahertz radiation sources. We have studied dependences of the radiation characteristics on the antenna geometry, number of junctions, DC bias current and the lumped elements position and parameters. Detailed simulation results reveal a multitude of phase transitions between the dynamical states, which differ in the number of Josephson junctions synchronized by the excited waves of current and, hence, in the radiation power emitted into open space also as in radiation patterns. It is shown that, in the absence of noise, the Josephson antennas can emit completely coherent radiation.

使用直接数值模拟分析了大型超波长开放系统的动力学，这些系统是具有大量约瑟夫森结、直流偏置电池和其他集总元件的独立多线线路。这样的系统代表了我们早期研究中提出的有源约瑟夫森天线的最简单版本，并显示出作为太赫兹和亚太赫兹辐射源的前景。我们研究了辐射特性对天线几何形状、结点数量、直流偏置电流和集总元件位置和参数的依赖性。详细的模拟结果揭示了动态状态之间的大量相变，这些相变在由电流激发波同步的约瑟夫森结的数量上有所不同，因此，发射到开放空间的辐射功率也与辐射模式一样。