Carbon-based materials have become indispensable in the field of electrochemical applications, especially for energy storage or conversion purposes. A large diversity of materials has been proposed and investigated in the last years. In this mini-review, we present recent advances in the design of carbon-based materials for application in vanadium redox flow batteries. As main part, different modification and fabrication methods for carbon-based electrodes are described. The decoration of carbon felts and graphite felts with metals or metal compounds to enhance mostly the electrocatalysis of the negative side is illustrated with examples. Furthermore, various options of synthesizing porous C–C composites are discussed, with specific emphasis on graphene-based composites as well as nitrogen doped composites and biomass-derived carbons. Apart from that the method of electrospinning is also examined in detail, a method which not only allows the production of nanofibrous high surface area electrodes, but also allows adaptation of fiber thickness and architecture. In this review the significant strengths of each method are pointed out, but also particular weaknesses are discussed with respect to the later battery performance. Finally, an outlook is given pointing to the remaining challenges that need to be overcome in the future.

碳基材料在电化学应用领域已变得不可或缺，尤其是用于能量存储或转换目的。在过去几年中已经提出并研究了大量不同的材料。在这篇小型综述中，我们介绍了用于钒氧化还原液流电池的碳基材料设计的最新进展。作为主要部分，描述了碳基电极的不同修饰和制造方法。举例说明了用金属或金属化合物装饰碳毡和石墨毡以增强负极的电催化作用。此外，讨论了合成多孔 C-C 复合材料的各种选择，特别强调了基于石墨烯的复合材料以及氮掺杂复合材料和生物质衍生的碳。除此之外，还详细研究了静电纺丝方法，这种方法不仅可以生产纳米纤维高表面积电极，还可以适应纤维厚度和结构。在这篇评论中，指出了每种方法的显着优势，但也讨论了与后来的电池性能相关的特定弱点。最后，展望未来需要克服的剩余挑战。但也讨论了关于后来的电池性能的特殊弱点。最后，展望未来需要克服的剩余挑战。但也讨论了关于后来的电池性能的特殊弱点。最后，展望未来需要克服的剩余挑战。