An evidence of triple kinetic freezeout scenario observed in all centrality intervals in Cu–Cu, Au–Au and Pb–Pb collisions at high energies,Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics

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An evidence of triple kinetic freezeout scenario observed in all centrality intervals in Cu–Cu, Au–Au and Pb–Pb collisions at high energies
Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-07 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/abdd8d
M Waqas ₁ , G X Peng _{1,

2} , Fu-Hu Liu _{3,

4}

Affiliation

Transverse momentum spectra of π ⁺, K ⁺, p, ${K}_{\text{S}}^{0}$ , Λ, Ξ or ${\bar{{\Xi}}}^{+}$ and Ω or ${\bar{{\Omega}}}^{+}$ or ${\Omega}+\bar{{\Omega}}$ in copper–copper (Cu–Cu), gold–gold (Au–Au) and lead–lead (Pb–Pb) collisions at 200 GeV, 62.4 GeV and 2.76 TeV respectively, are analyzed in different centrality bins by the blast wave model with Tsallis statistics. The model results are approximately in agreement with the experimental data measured by BRAHMS, STAR and ALICE Collaborations in special transverse momentum ranges. Kinetic freeze out temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume are extracted from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles. It is observed that ${\bar{{\Xi}}}^{+}$ and Ω or ${\bar{{\Omega}}}^{+}$ or ${\Omega}+\bar{{\Omega}}$ have larger kinetic freezeout temperature followed by K ⁺, ${K}_{\text{S}}^{0}$ and Λ than π ⁺ and p due to smaller reaction cross-sections of multi-strange and strange particles than non-strange particles. The present work reveals the scenario of triple kinetic freezeout in collisions at BRAHMS, STAR and ALICE Collaborations, however the transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume are mass dependent and they decrease with the increasing rest mass of the particle. In addition, the kinetic freezeout temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume are decreasing from central to peripheral collisions while the parameter q increase from central to peripheral collisions, indicating the approach of quick equilibrium in the central collisions. Besides, the kinetic freezeout temperature and kinetic freezeout volume are observed to be larger in larger collision system which shows its dependence on the size of the interacting system, while transverse flow velocity increase with increasing energy.

中文翻译：

在高能下 Cu-Cu、Au-Au 和 Pb-Pb 碰撞的所有中心区间中观察到的三重动力学冻结情景的证据

π ⁺ , K ⁺ , p , ${K}_{\text{S}}^{0}$ , Λ, Ξ 或 ${\bar{{\Xi}}}^{+}$ Ω 或 ${\bar{{\Omega}}}^{+}$ 或 ${\Omega}+\bar{{\Omega}}$ 铜-铜 (Cu-Cu)、金-金 (Au-Au) 和铅-铅 (Pb-Pb) 碰撞的横向动量谱200 GeV、62.4 GeV 和 2.76 TeV 分别通过具有 Tsallis 统计量的冲击波模型在不同的中心区间进行分析。模型结果与 BRAHMS、STAR 和 ALICE Collaborations 在特殊横向动量范围内测量的实验数据大致一致。从粒子的横向动量谱中提取动力学冻结温度、横向流速和动力学冻结体积。观察到 ${\bar{{\Xi}}}^{+}$ Ω 或 ${\bar{{\Omega}}}^{+}$ 或 ${\Omega}+\bar{{\Omega}}$ 由于多奇异粒子和奇异粒子的反应截面比非奇异粒子小，因此具有更大的动力学冻结温度，其次是K ⁺ ${K}_{\text{S}}^{0}$ 和 Λ 大于π ⁺和p。目前的工作揭示了 BRAHMS、STAR 和 ALICE Collaborations 碰撞中三重动力学冻结的场景，但是横向流速和动力学冻结体积与质量有关，并且它们随着粒子静止质量的增加而减小。此外，动力学冻结温度、横向流速和动力学冻结体积从中心到外围碰撞逐渐减小，而参数q从中心碰撞到外围碰撞增加，表明中心碰撞接近快速平衡。此外，在较大的碰撞系统中观察到动力学冻结温度和动力学冻结体积更大，这表明其依赖于相互作用系统的大小，而横向流速随着能量的增加而增加。

更新日期：2021-06-07

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