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Observed and projected changes in extreme drought and flood-prone regions over India under CMIP5 RCP8.5 using a new vulnerability index
Climate Dynamics ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s00382-021-05824-7
Pravat Jena , Sarita Azad

Past versions of the vulnerability indices have shown the ability to detect susceptible regions by assessing climatic and socioeconomic parameters at local scales. These parameters significantly vary over geographic regions, therefore such an index may not be suitable to identify and predict susceptibility over a large domain. The present endeavour aims to develop a new vulnerablity index that identifies and predicts the spatiotemporal imprint of extreme drought and flood cases at various scales in India by analyzing monthly observed and Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 5 (CMIP5) rainfall data at a spatial scale of 1° × 1° from 1901 to 2100. It is proposed by consolidating the outcomes of the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) at different time scales, such as 3 and 12 months, along with the weights of individual grids. The weights of individual grids are calculated through the occurrence of extreme drought and flood years in the recent past to include a climate change factor in the proposed index. Based on the spatial distribution of high index values, the vulnerable regions concerning extreme droughts are expected to be in the Northeast, Northeast-central, East-coast, West, Northwest, North-central, and some grids in South India. Similarly, vulnerable regions concerning extreme flood cases are likely to be in the Northeast, West-coast, East-coast, and some grids in the Peninsular region.

Furthermore, a conceptual model is presented to quantify the severity of extreme cases. The analyses reveal that on the CMIP5 model data, 2024, 2026–2027, 2035, 2036–2037, 2043–2044, 2059–2060, and 2094 are likely to be the most prominent extreme drought years in all India monsoon rainfall, and their impacts will persist for a longer time than others. Similarly, the most prominent extreme flood cases are likely to occur in the year 2076, 2079–2080, 2085, 2090, 2092, and 2099.



中文翻译:

使用新的脆弱性指数在 CMIP5 RCP8.5 下观察和预测印度极端干旱和洪水易发地区的变化

过去版本的脆弱性指数显示了通过评估当地尺度的气候和社会经济参数来检测易感区域的能力。这些参数在地理区域内有显着差异,因此这样的指数可能不适合识别和预测大范围内的易感性。目前的努力旨在开发一种新的脆弱性指数,通过分析 1°空间尺度上的月度观测和耦合模型比对第 5 阶段 (CMIP5) 降雨数据,识别和预测印度不同尺度极端干旱和洪水案例的时空印记。 × 1° 从 1901 年到 2100 年。它是通过合并不同时间尺度(例如 3 个月和 12 个月)的标准降水指数 (SPI) 的结果以及各个网格的权重而提出的。各个网格的权重是通过最近发生的极端干旱和洪水年份来计算的,以便在建议的指数中包括气候变化因素。从高指数值的空间分布来看,极端干旱的脆弱区域预计将在印度东北部、东北-中部、东海岸、西部、西北、中北部以及印度南部的一些网格中。类似地,发生极端洪水的脆弱地区很可能在东北、西海岸、东海岸和半岛地区的一些网格中。极端干旱的脆弱地区预计将出现在印度东北部、中东北部、东海岸、西部、西北、中北部和印度南部的一些电网中。类似地,发生极端洪水的脆弱地区很可能在东北、西海岸、东海岸和半岛地区的一些网格中。极端干旱的脆弱地区预计将出现在印度东北部、中东北部、东海岸、西部、西北、中北部和印度南部的一些电网中。类似地,发生极端洪水的脆弱地区很可能在东北、西海岸、东海岸和半岛地区的一些网格中。

此外,还提出了一个概念模型来量化极端情况的严重程度。分析表明,在 CMIP5 模型数据上,2024、2026-2027、2035、2036-2037、2043-2044、2059-2060 和 2094 可能是印度所有季风降雨中最突出的极端干旱年份,它们的影响将比其他影响持续更长的时间。同样,最突出的极端洪水案例可能发生在 2076、2079-2080、2085、2090、2092 和 2099 年。

更新日期:2021-06-08
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