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How American Adults Obtain Work Skills: Results of a New National Survey
ILR Review ( IF 3.573 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-07 , DOI: 10.1177/00197939211018191
Paul Osterman 1
Affiliation  

Employer-provided training is an important determinant of economic outcomes, yet our understanding of its extent and distribution is well out of date—with the most recent national survey being from 2008. This article updates our understanding of employer-provided training through a 2020 nationally representative survey of 3,648 working civilian adults between the ages of 24 and 64. Results show that while employer-provided training is reasonably extensive, considerable disparities occur along the lines of race, ethnicity, and educational attainment. Additionally, the author contributes to the literature by making clear distinctions among types of employment—standard, contract (those employed by a contract company but working onsite at another firm), and freelancer (those with no employer per se). Contract workers receive considerably less employer training than do employees who work under standard arrangements. Findings are robust to a range of job skill measures as well as skill specificity. The author also examines the relationship between employer-provided training and whether people seek out training on their own and shows that the inequalities in access to employer-provided training are accentuated with self-directed training.



中文翻译:

美国成年人如何获得工作技能:一项新的全国调查结果

雇主提供的培训是经济成果的重要决定因素,但我们对其范围和分布的理解已经过时——最近的全国调查是从 2008 年开始的。本文通过 2020 年全国范围更新我们对雇主提供的培训的理解对 3,648 名年龄在 24 至 64 岁之间的在职平民成年人进行的代表性调查。结果表明,虽然雇主提供的培训相当广泛,但在种族、民族和教育程度方面存在相当大的差异。此外,作者通过明确区分就业类型——标准、合同(受雇于合同公司但在另一家公司现场工作)和自由职业者(本身没有雇主的人)对文献做出贡献。与在标准安排下工作的雇员相比,合同工接受的雇主培训要少得多。调查结果对一系列工作技能衡量标准以及技能特异性都是稳健的。作者还研究了雇主提供的培训与人们是否自己寻求培训之间的关系,并表明在获得雇主提供的培训方面的不平等因自主培训而加剧。

更新日期:2021-06-08
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