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The extensive damage to elms by Dutch elm disease agents and their hybrids in northwestern Russia
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127214
Liina Jürisoo , Andrey V. Selikhovkin , Allar Padari , Sofia V. Shevchenko , Ludmila N. Shcherbakova , Boris G. Popovichev , Rein Drenkhan

Elms are important amenity trees in the European part of Russia, incl. the St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region. The native species Ulmus glabra and U. laevis mainly grow there, on the northern border of their natural range. Hybrid elm cultivars have been planted since the early 2000s. Thousands of elms suffer from Dutch elm disease in the Leningrad Region. We found that in the north-western part of Russia Ophiostoma novo-ulmi subsp. novo-ulmi and O. novo-ulmi subsp. americana as well as hybrids of these subspecies are aggressive agents of DED on elms. According to in vitro experiments of hybrids in pure cultures, O. novo-ulmi subsp. americana x novo-ulmi had the highest growth rate, and O. novo-ulmi subsp. novo-ulmi the lowest growth rate.

Ulmus glabra (>40 years old) was affected the most, with ca. 20 % of assessed trees found to already be dead and only 56 % found to be in good condition. The documented health among young elm cultivars (<25 years old) revealed that only 4% were dead, and 91 % were healthy or only experiencing some branch loss. Ulmus laevis (with 74 % of individuals healthy or with some branch loss, and 5% dead) was significantly healthier compared to U. glabra. In the city, the health of all assessed elm species was significantly better in greenspaces than next to highways.

As the potential vectors of DED, Scolytus scolytus, S. multistriatus and S. pygmaeus are registered in the assessed region.



中文翻译:

俄罗斯西北部荷兰榆树病害及其杂交种对榆树的广泛破坏

榆树是俄罗斯欧洲部分重要的园林树木,包括。圣彼得堡和列宁格勒地区。本地物种光U. laevis主要生长在那里,在其自然范围的北部边界。自 2000 年代初开始种植杂交榆树品种。列宁格勒地区数以千计的榆树患有荷兰榆树病。我们发现,在俄罗斯西北部Ophiostoma novo-ulmi subsp。novo-ulmiO. novo-ulmi subsp。美洲以及这些亚种的杂种是榆树上 DED 的侵略性代理。根据杂交种在纯培养中的体外实验,O. novo-ulmi亚种 americana x novo-ulmi的增长率最高,而O. novo-ulmi subsp。novo-ulmi增长率最低。

榆树(> 40 岁)受影响最大,约。20% 的评估树木已经死亡,只有 56% 的树木状况良好。记录的年轻榆树品种(<25 岁)的健康状况表明,只有 4% 死亡,91% 是健康的或仅经历一些枝条损失。与U. glabra相比,榆树(74% 的个体健康或有一些分支损失,5% 死亡)明显更健康。在该市,绿地中所有评估的榆树物种的健康状况明显优于高速公路旁。

作为 DED 的潜在载体,Scolytus scolytusS. multistriatusS. pygmaeus在评估区域注册。

更新日期:2021-06-18
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