Tunnel lining stiffness, grout strength and shield-driven speed are important parameters that influence ground surface settlement during tunnel excavation. Optimising these parameters would allow effective control of ground settlement during tunnel construction, specifically the maximum settlement. This paper investigated the influence of tunnel lining stiffness, grout strength and shield-driven speed on ground settlement in heterogeneous soil. Consequently, a 3D nonlinear finite element model was developed using Abaqus which accurately predicted the ground settlement during the construction of the Nanjing WeiSanLu tunnel. Furthermore, the influence of the shield-driven speed, modulus of elasticity of grout and tunnel lining stiffness on ground surface settlement was studied. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the level of impact of each influencing factor and their two-way interaction on the maximum ground settlement. It was revealed that ground surface settlement is greatly influenced by the properties of tail voids grouting and stiffness of tunnel lining. The result also indicated that the relationship between the prediction factor and the maximum settlement on the ground differs according to the level of the studied factors.

隧道衬砌刚度、灌浆强度和盾构驱动速度是影响隧道开挖过程中地表沉降的重要参数。优化这些参数可以有效控制隧道施工期间的地面沉降，特别是最大沉降。本文研究了隧道衬砌刚度、灌浆强度和盾构驱动速度对非均质土壤地面沉降的影响。因此，使用 Abaqus 开发了 3D 非线性有限元模型，该模型可准确预测南京魏三路隧道施工期间的地面沉降。进一步研究了盾构驱动速度、灌浆弹性模量和隧道衬砌刚度对地表沉降的影响。进行统计分析，考察各影响因素对最大地面沉降的影响程度及其双向交互作用。结果表明，地表沉降受尾孔注浆性能和隧道衬砌刚度的影响很大。结果还表明，预测因子与地面最大沉降之间的关系根据研究因子水平的不同而不同。