We performed a molecular analysis of dinosaur’s eggshells collected in El Rosario, Baja California, using techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PS). These techniques allowed us to identify calcite as the main mineral. The crystalline planes corresponding to this mineral were obtained with a hexagonal unit cell by Rietveld refinement. In addition, six crystallographic planes corresponding to quartz were identified by XRPD, with a rather large crystallite size compared to those obtained from calcite and albite. For this latter mineral, found in a low content, we were able to identify only three crystalline planes and three wavelengths of photoluminescence and micro-Raman signals at a very low intensity. In addition, the analysis by FT-IR allowed us to identify bands corresponding to nine amino acids and the components of the secondary structure that might very well be some ancestral proteins that had been conserved for so long, thanks to the mineralized structure. This type of structural characterization together with the optical one is a very relevant contribution to the field of paleontological research, mainly because these types of samples are unique in their type due to the biological relevance in Mexico that will allow us to understand the species that became extinct millions of years ago.

中文翻译：

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在墨西哥下加利福尼亚州 El Rosario 收集的恐龙蛋壳的矿物相的分子分析和可能的矿物内蛋白质的检查

我们使用拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)、X 射线粉末衍射 (XRPD) 和光致发光光谱 (PS) 等技术对在下加利福尼亚州埃尔罗萨里奥收集的恐龙蛋壳进行了分子分析。这些技术使我们能够将方解石确定为主要矿物。对应于这种矿物的晶面是通过 Rietveld 精修获得的六方晶胞。此外，XRPD 鉴定出对应于石英的六个晶面，与从方解石和钠长石获得的晶面相比，具有相当大的晶粒尺寸。对于后一种矿物，发现含量低，我们只能以非常低的强度识别三个晶面和三个波长的光致发光和微拉曼信号。此外，FT-IR 分析使我们能够识别对应于 9 个氨基酸的条带和二级结构的组成部分，这很可能是由于矿化结构而保存了很长时间的一些祖先蛋白质。这种类型的结构特征与光学特征一起是对古生物学研究领域非常相关的贡献，主要是因为这些类型的样本在其类型上是独一无二的，因为墨西哥的生物学相关性将使我们能够了解成为数百万年前灭绝。