Journal of Systems and Software ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.111010 Luisa Restrepo , Jose Aguilar , Mauricio Toro , Elizabeth Suescún
Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS) refer to a new generation of systems where the cyber and physical layers are –strongly– interconnected. The development of these systems requires two fundamental parts. First, the design of sustainable architectures –centered on adaptation, throughout a System-Development Life-Cycle (SDLC)– to develop robust and economically profitable products. Second, the use of self-adaptive techniques to adjust CPSs to the evolving circumstances of their operation context. This work presents a systematic mapping study (SMS) that discusses different approaches used to develop self-adaptive CPSs (SA-CPSs) at each stage of the SDLC, focused on sustainability. The results show trends such as (i) Designs are not limited to particular application domains, (ii) Performance was the most commonly used attribute, and (iii) Monitor–Analyze–Plan–Execute over a shared Knowledge (MAPE-K) is the predominant feedback loop applied in the cyber layer. The results also raise challenges such as (i) How to design and evaluate sustainable SA-CPSs, (ii) How to apply unit and integration testing in the development of SA-CPSs, and (iii) How to develop feedback loops on SA-CPSs with the integration of machine-learning techniques.
中文翻译:
自适应信息物理系统生命周期的可持续发展方法:系统映射研究
网络物理系统 (CPS) 是指网络层和物理层高度互连的新一代系统。这些系统的开发需要两个基本部分。首先,可持续架构的设计——以适应为中心,贯穿整个系统开发生命周期 (SDLC)——以开发强大且经济上有利可图的产品。其次,使用自适应技术来调整 CPS 以适应其运行环境的不断变化的情况。这项工作提出了一项系统映射研究 (SMS),讨论了用于开发自适应 CPS 的不同方法(SA-CPS) 在 SDLC 的每个阶段,重点是可持续性。结果显示了以下趋势,例如 (i) 设计不限于特定的应用领域,(ii) 性能是最常用的属性,以及 (iii) 基于共享知识的监控 - 分析 - 计划 - 执行 (MAPE-K) 是应用于网络层的主要反馈循环。结果也提出了挑战,例如 (i) 如何设计和评估可持续的 SA-CPS,(ii) 如何在 SA-CPS 的开发中应用单元和集成测试,以及 (iii) 如何开发关于 SA-CPS 的反馈循环 -集成了机器学习技术的 CPS。