Roma are Europe's largest, most marginalised minority, with a long history of racism and exclusion informing complex inequalities. Roma higher education participation remains under addressed, and paucity of research hinders understanding. While there is variation between countries, the proportion of Roma accessing higher education compared to the general population is extremely small in all countries. Spain has the largest Roma population outside Central and Eastern Europe, and relatively high levels of Roma participation in higher education. As part of an international project on Internalisation and Mobility, here we discuss insights from eleven qualitative interviews carried out with Roma students and recent graduates in Central and Eastern Europe and Spain. Findings from a thematic analysis of interviews highlight identity and inclusion and how experience intersects with distinct national approaches. We focus in particular on competing pulls of ethnic invisibility versus coming out, and related onus on a responsibility to give back. The participation of Roma in higher education remains an important social justice issue in Europe. Our research shows that proactive efforts by higher education institutions in Europe are needed to challenge persistent assumptions that fail to value the contribution and potential of Roma students within higher education.

中文翻译：

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西班牙和中欧和东欧的罗马大学生：在对比鲜明的国际环境中探索参与和身份认同

罗姆人是欧洲最大、最边缘化的少数群体，种族歧视和排斥的悠久历史导致了复杂的不平等。罗姆人的高等教育参与问题仍未得到解决，缺乏研究阻碍了理解。虽然各国之间存在差异，但在所有国家中，接受高等教育的罗姆人占总人口的比例极小。西班牙拥有中欧和东欧以外最大的罗姆人人口，接受高等教育的罗姆人比例相对较高。作为内部化和流动性国际项目的一部分，我们在这里讨论了对中欧、东欧和西班牙的罗姆学生和应届毕业生进行的 11 次定性访谈的见解。访谈主题分析的结果突出了身份和包容性以及经验如何与不同的国家方法相交。我们特别关注竞争拉动种族隐身与出柜，以及相关的回馈责任。罗姆人接受高等教育仍然是欧洲一个重要的社会正义问题。我们的研究表明，欧洲高等教育机构需要积极努力来挑战那些未能重视罗姆学生在高等教育中的贡献和潜力的顽固假设。