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Modeling seasonal sediment yields for a medium-scale temperate forest/agricultural watershed
Physical Geography ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-07 , DOI: 10.1080/02723646.2021.1934957
C. Andrew Day 1 , Jonah Liebman 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

As vegetation cover senesces across temperate watersheds, the potential for soil erosion and subsequent sediment yields increases. Despite the importance of vegetation dynamics and evapotranspiration towards influencing watershed-scale hydrological processes, limited research has fully included these variables in modeling sediment yields, relying on surface runoff records alone. Focusing on the Upper Floyds Fork watershed, Kentucky, we applied a multi-objective approach utilizing MODIS-derived estimations of vegetation and evapotranspiration (ET) to calibrate the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) towards modeling seasonal sediment yields May 2019-April 2020. Results generated satisfactory error measures across all four variables (vegetation cover, ET, runoff, sediment). Above average precipitation and elevated erosive storm activity generated significant sediment yields even during months of greater vegetation coverage. Conversely, below average precipitation during Aug–Sep resulted in minimal sediment yields despite diminishing vegetation coverage. While precipitation acted as the dominant process controlling sediment yields, higher yields were also predicted in sub-watersheds as a function of steeper slopes, higher soil erodibilities and increased agricultural land cover during the dormant winter period. These findings may help identify when to expect increased sediment loads towards targeting specific sub-watersheds in managing future soil erosion, and defining and establishing best management practices in the future.



中文翻译:

模拟中等规模温带森林/农业流域的季节性沉积物产量

摘要

随着温带流域的植被覆盖减少,土壤侵蚀和随后的沉积物产量的可能性增加。尽管植被动态和蒸散对于影响流域尺度的水文过程很重要,但有限的研究已将这些变量完全包括在模拟泥沙产量中,仅依靠地表径流记录。以肯塔基州上弗洛伊德福克流域为重点,我们应用了一种多目标方法,利用 MODIS 得出的植被和蒸散量 (ET) 估计值来校准土壤和水评估工具 (SWAT),以模拟 2019 年 5 月至 2020 年 4 月的季节性沉积物产量. 结果对所有四个变量(植被覆盖、ET、径流、沉积物)产生了令人满意的误差测量。即使在植被覆盖面积较大的几个月中,高于平均水平的降水和侵蚀性风暴活动的增加也产生了显着的沉积物产量。相反,尽管植被覆盖减少,但 8 月至 9 月期间低于平均水平的降水导致沉积物产量最低。虽然降水是控制沉积物产量的主要过程,但在休眠冬季期间,由于坡度更陡、​​土壤可蚀性更高和农业用地覆盖增加,预计子流域的产量也会更高。这些发现可能有助于确定何时预计沉积物负荷会增加,以针对特定的子流域管理未来的土壤侵蚀,并确定和建立未来的最佳管理实践。尽管植被覆盖减少,但 8 月至 9 月期间低于平均水平的降水量导致产沙量最小。虽然降水是控制沉积物产量的主要过程,但在休眠冬季期间,由于坡度更陡、​​土壤可蚀性更高和农业用地覆盖增加,预计子流域的产量也会更高。这些发现可能有助于确定何时预计沉积物负荷会增加,以针对特定的子流域管理未来的土壤侵蚀,并确定和建立未来的最佳管理实践。尽管植被覆盖减少,但 8 月至 9 月期间低于平均水平的降水量导致产沙量最小。虽然降水是控制沉积物产量的主要过程,但在休眠冬季期间,由于坡度更陡、​​土壤可蚀性更高和农业用地覆盖增加,预计子流域的产量也会更高。这些发现可能有助于确定何时预计沉积物负荷会增加,以针对特定的子流域管理未来的土壤侵蚀,并确定和建立未来的最佳管理实践。由于陡峭的斜坡、更高的土壤可蚀性和休眠冬季期间农业土地覆盖的增加,还预测子流域的产量会更高。这些发现可能有助于确定何时预计沉积物负荷会增加,以针对特定的子流域管理未来的土壤侵蚀,并确定和建立未来的最佳管理实践。由于陡峭的斜坡、更高的土壤可蚀性和休眠冬季期间农业土地覆盖的增加,还预测子流域的产量会更高。这些发现可能有助于确定何时预计沉积物负荷会增加,以针对特定的子流域管理未来的土壤侵蚀,并确定和建立未来的最佳管理实践。

更新日期:2021-06-07
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