The use of biotechnology strategies to increase the production of natural products in medicinal plants, can be very useful and commercially profitable. In this study, control and transgenic hairy roots were obtained from Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1(pRiA4-pBMI) carrying the pmt gene C58C1, respectively. The effect of pmt gene overexpression on growth, biochemical traits, and phytochemical ingredients were determined in Hyoscyamus reticulatus hairy roots, which were also fed with different concentrations of the precursor compound putrescine (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mM) for two exposure times (24 and 48 h). The growth rate was higher in transgenic hairy roots. The maximum total content of phenol, flavonoid, and alkaloid were obtained in transgenic hairy roots fed with putrescine (4, 3 and 1 mM, respectively) after 48 h. According to the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values, the antioxidant activity was lower in the control than transgenic hairy roots. High performance liquid chromatography indicated that the hyoscyamine content (125.09 μg g⁻¹ DW with 3 mM putrescine after 24 h; 203.83 % compared with the control) was higher in control hairy roots, whereas scopolamine levels (161.88 μg g⁻¹ DW with 3 mM putrescine after 48 h; 207.34 %) was higher in transgenic hairy roots. The highest increase in the expression level of the pmt (2.6-fold with 3 mM putrescine) and h6h (2.83-fold with 2 mM putrescine) genes occurred after 48 h in both transgenic and control hairy roots, respectively. The combination of genetic engineering and precursor feeding strategies improved the accumulation of secondary metabolites in vitro.

使用生物技术策略来增加药用植物中天然产品的产量，可能非常有用且具有商业利润。在这项研究中，对照和转基因的毛状根分别来自携带pmt基因 C58C1 的发根土壤杆菌菌株A4 和根癌土壤杆菌菌株 C58C1（pRiA4-pBMI）。确定了pmt基因过表达对Hyoscyamus reticulatus生长、生化性状和植物化学成分的影响毛根，它们也被喂以不同浓度的前体化合物腐胺（0、1、2、3 和 4 mM），持续两个暴露时间（24 和 48 小时）。转基因毛状根的生长速度较高。48 小时后，在用腐胺（分别为 4、3 和 1 mM）喂养的转基因毛状根中，苯酚、类黄酮和生物碱的总含量最高。根据半数抑制浓度（IC ₅₀）值，对照的抗氧化活性低于转基因毛状根。高效液相色谱表明，对照毛根中莨菪碱的含量（125.09 μg ^-1 DW 和 3 mM 腐胺后 24 小时；与对照相比为 203.83 %）较高，而东莨菪碱水平（161.88 μg ^-148 小时后含有 3 mM 腐胺的 DW；207.34 %) 在转基因毛状根中更高。pmt（3 mM 腐胺为 2.6 倍）和h6h（2 mM 腐胺为 2.83 倍）基因表达水平的最高增加分别发生在转基因和对照毛根中 48 小时后。基因工程和前体喂养策略的结合提高了体外次级代谢物的积累。