Abstract

The distribution and properties of the pectinase-encoding PGU genes in different species of Saccharomyces yeasts was studied. Application of molecular karyotyping and Southern hybridization revealed that S. arboricola, S. cariocanus, S. cerevisiae, S. kudriavzevii, and S. paradoxus species had a single PGU gene located on chromosome X. The other three species had polymeric PGU genes of different chromosomal localization: S. mikatae and S. jurei (chromosomes X and VIII), S. bayanus (X, I, and XIV). This is the first report on comparative analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the PGU genes was carried out in all eight species of the genus Saccharomyces. Species-specificity of the PGU genes was revealed, as well as their intraspecific polymorphism in S. kudriavzevii and S. paradoxus, associated with the geographical origin of the strains. The most divergent proteins were Pgu1a (S. arboricola) and Pgu1b, Pgu2b, Pgu3b (S. bayanus), for which the level of similarity to the Pgu proteins of other Saccharomyces species did not exceed 89%. The highest similarity (>95%) was noted for the Pgu proteins of S. cerevisiae, S. paradoxus, and S. cariocanus, as well as S. mikatae and S. jurei. Significant intraspecific polymorphism of endo-polygalacturonase secretion was observed in the studied Saccharomyces species, except for the species S. bayanus, all studied strains of which had a relatively high activity. The ability to secrete active endo-polygalacturonase is probably a specific feature of this species.

中文翻译：

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酵母中果胶酶 PGU 基因的天然多态性

摘要

果胶酶的分布和性能-编码PGU在不同物种中的基因酿酒酵母进行了研究。分子核型分析和Southern杂交应用表明，S. arboricola、S. cariocanus、S. cerevisiae、S. kudriavzevii和S. paradoxus种在X染色体上有一个PGU基因，其他三个种有不同的聚合PGU基因。染色体定位：S. mikatae和S. jurei（染色体 X 和 VIII），S. bayanus(X、I 和 XIV)。这是在所有八种酵母属物种中对PGU基因的核苷酸和氨基酸序列进行比较分析的第一次报告。揭示了PGU基因的物种特异性，以及它们在S. kudriavzevii和S. paradoxus 中的种内多态性，这与菌株的地理起源有关。差异最大的蛋白质是Pgu1a ( S. arboricola ) 和Pgu1b, Pgu2b, Pgu3b ( S. bayanus ), 其与其他酵母菌的Pgu 蛋白质的相似程度种不超过89%。S. cerevisiae、S. paradoxus和S. cariocanus以及S. mikatae和S. jurei的 Pgu 蛋白具有最高的相似性 (>95%) 。在所研究的酵母属物种中观察到内聚半乳糖醛酸内切酶分泌的显着种内多态性，除了S.bayanus物种外，所有研究的菌株都具有相对较高的活性。分泌活性内聚半乳糖醛酸酶的能力可能是该物种的一个特定特征。