ABSTRACT

This article examines a still contentious question: how conservative and liberal elements are combined in Boris N. Chicherin’s worldview and political doctrine. It considers several points of view on this issue (expressed by Nikolai Berdyaev, Petr Struve, Georgii Plekhanov, Vasilii Zen’kovskii) and analyzes Chicherin’s works of the 1850s–1860s that have provoked the most heated debates. The author attempts to show that assessing the conservative element in Chicherin’s worldview is not as straightforward a task as is commonly assumed. His concepts of conservatism and “protective principles” do not fit within broader understandings of conservatism. This article pays particular attention to analyzing the dramatic experience of Chicherin’s cooperation with the authorities and the reasons his political position radicalized.

摘要

本文考察了一个仍有争议的问题：鲍里斯·N·奇切林 (Boris N. Chicherin) 的世界观和政治学说中如何结合保守和自由元素。它考虑了关于这个问题的几个观点（由尼古拉·别尔迪亚耶夫、彼得·斯特鲁夫、格奥尔吉·普列汉诺夫、瓦西里·泽科夫斯基表达），并分析了奇切林在 1850 至 1860 年代引发最激烈辩论的作品。作者试图表明，评估奇切林世界观中的保守因素并不像人们通常认为的那样简单。他的保守主义和“保护原则”的概念不符合对保守主义的更广泛理解。本文特别关注分析奇切林与当局合作的戏剧性经历及其政治立场激进化的原因。